Solar energy adoption among smallholder farmers in Mozambique's lowlands is a critical area of research due to the region’s reliance on traditional energy sources and its vulnerability to climate change impacts. The study employs a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis to explore the barriers and facilitators of solar energy adoption among smallholders. The theoretical framework developed provides valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities for promoting solar energy adoption among Mozambique's smallholder farmers in lowlands, emphasising the importance of addressing financial barriers and enhancing community engagement strategies. Policy makers should consider implementing subsidies and incentives to reduce the upfront costs associated with solar energy systems, while also fostering public-private partnerships to improve technology accessibility and user-friendliness.