Community-led water sanitation projects have been implemented in response to public health challenges such as HIV/AIDS in Southern Uganda. These initiatives aim to improve hygiene and reduce disease transmission. A mixed methods approach is employed, combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis from project records. Both approaches are designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the projects' impacts in Southern Uganda's diverse communities. Community-led water sanitation projects have led to significant improvements in water quality and access to improved sanitation facilities, particularly noticeable in rural areas where infrastructure was previously lacking. The mixed methods study reveals that while community-led initiatives are effective in improving basic hygiene conditions, they face challenges related to sustainability and ongoing maintenance. Future projects should prioritise long-term planning and support mechanisms to ensure the sustainability of water sanitation improvements post-project completion. Community-led Projects, Water Sanitation, Southern Uganda, HIV/AIDS Impact, Mixed Methods Study