Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Ethiopia Using Difference-in-Differences Approach to Measure Yield Improvement

This study evaluates the operational efficiency of district hospitals in Ethiopia by assessing yield improvement through interventions. A DiD approach was employed to analyse changes in district hospitals' operational yields before and after policy implementation. Data were collected from Ethiopian Health Service records over two years. The analysis revealed an average yield increase of 15% post-reform, although variability existed across different districts. Despite initial challenges, the reform led to significant improvements in hospital performance, particularly in resource allocation and patient throughput. Further studies should focus on sustainability measures and capacity building for long-term system efficacy. district hospitals, Ethiopia, yield improvement, difference-in-differences, healthcare reforms Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.