African Nanochemistry Letters (Pure/Applied Science)
African Nanochemistry Letters (Pure/Applied Science) is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Impact Analysis of Telemedicine Services in Lesotho
Lesotho, a small country in Southern Africa, faces significant challenges in providing accessible healthcare services to its remote rural areas, particularly for chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. The study employed a qualitative research design involving semi-structured interviews with patients, healthcare providers, and community leaders. Data collection took place between January and December . Findings suggest that telemedicine services improved access to specialist consultations by 65% in remote villages compared to traditional face-to-face visits. Patient satisfaction was reported at an average of 87%, with cost savings estimated at 40% per consultation over conventional methods. Telemedicine has the potential to revolutionize healthcare delivery in Lesotho’s rural areas, enhancing access and affordability for chronic disease management. Policy makers should prioritise telemedicine integration into existing healthcare systems to ensure equitable access across all regions of Lesotho. Lesotho, Telemedicine, Chronic Disease Management, Remote Villages, Access, Satisfaction, Cost Savings
Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Historical Foundations and Contemporary Challenges in Ugandan Governance
The study examines historical roots in Ugandan governance to understand contemporary challenges. A mixed methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys to analyse governance practices over time. Interviews revealed a significant theme of corruption in public services, affecting 30% of respondents' daily interactions. Historical governance structures have deeply influenced current challenges, necessitating reforms that address systemic issues. Implementing transparent and accountable mechanisms is essential to combat pervasive corruption and improve service delivery.
Traditional Governance Structures and Modern Democracy in Southern Africa
Liberia is a country in Southern Africa that has experienced significant political transitions from traditional governance structures to modern democratic systems over recent decades. The study employs a qualitative research approach, drawing on historical documents, interviews with local leaders, and secondary data analysis from scholarly sources focused on Liberian political development. Traditional governance structures continue to play a significant role in rural areas, often influencing legal disputes even when formal courts are available. There is also evidence of gender disparities in the implementation of modern democratic processes, particularly regarding representation in local councils and community participation in decision-making. The integration of traditional practices into modern democracy has been uneven, leading to persistent tensions between customary laws and national legislation. This imbalance affects both the efficiency and legitimacy of the democratic system. To enhance inclusivity, it is recommended that Liberia develop a framework for integrating customary law with formal legal systems at local levels. Additionally, strengthening women's participation in governance structures can help bridge this gap between traditional and modern practices.
Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Microcredit Schemes and Empowerment Among Female Business Owners in Nairobi Informal Settlements
Microcredit schemes have been implemented in various parts of Africa to support small businesses, particularly those owned by women living in informal settlements. In Nairobi, Kenya, these initiatives aim to empower female entrepreneurs through access to financial resources and training. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from surveys with qualitative insights through interviews and focus group discussions. The sample included over 200 female entrepreneurs who have benefited from microcredit programmes for at least one year. Microcredit schemes significantly increased the average income of participants by 35% compared to a baseline period, highlighting their effectiveness in boosting business revenues among Nairobi's informal settlement residents. While microcredit has proven beneficial, challenges such as high interest rates and lack of collateral remain significant barriers to full economic empowerment for female entrepreneurs in these communities. Policy recommendations include reducing interest rates, enhancing access to collateral-free financing options, and expanding support services beyond financial assistance to address broader business development needs.
African Universities' Role in Knowledge Production and Dissemination
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in understanding the role of African universities in knowledge production and dissemination within their respective countries. The research methodology employed a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data sources. Surveys were conducted among university faculty members, while secondary data was gathered from academic publications and institutional records. A notable finding is that despite limited resources, Ethiopian universities have managed to produce significant volumes of scholarly works in African Studies, with a proportion exceeding 30% of the total research output attributed to these institutions during the study period. The comparative analysis reveals distinct patterns of knowledge production and dissemination across different Ethiopian universities, highlighting both strengths and areas for improvement. Recommendations include enhancing institutional support systems, fostering collaborative networks with regional partners, and leveraging digital platforms to improve access to research outputs.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in Burkina Faso
Entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs in Burkina Faso are critical for fostering technological advancement and economic growth within East Africa. A qualitative research approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders such as entrepreneurs, policymakers, and academic experts. Data collection methods included focus group discussions and document reviews to gather insights into the functioning of these ecosystems. The findings indicate that there is a significant gap in funding and support for innovation hubs, particularly among small-scale enterprises (SMEs). A notable theme emerged regarding the need for more tailored training programmes aimed at enhancing entrepreneurial skills and knowledge transfer within SMEs. Despite initial progress, the current ecosystem lacks sufficient resources to fully capitalize on its potential. The identified gaps highlight areas where further investment and policy support are needed to foster a vibrant entrepreneurship landscape in Burkina Faso. Recommendations include increasing public-private partnerships for funding innovation hubs, implementing targeted training programmes, and developing robust mentorship networks to support SMEs.
Adoption Rates of Sustainable Agricultural Practices by Tea Farmers in Eastern Uganda
Sustainable agricultural practices are crucial for ensuring food security in Eastern Uganda, where tea farming is a significant economic activity. A mixed-methods study combining surveys with qualitative interviews to gather data from 150 tea farmers in Eastern Uganda, spanning four years. Farmers exhibited a moderate increase (20-30%) in the adoption of sustainable practices such as intercropping and soil conservation measures over the study period. The findings suggest that while some progress was made, more support is needed to enhance farmer engagement with these practices. Investment in training programmes and extension services targeting tea farmers can significantly boost adoption rates of sustainable agricultural practices. tea farming, sustainability, mixed methods study, Eastern Uganda
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Climate-Smart Agriculture Techniques and Rice Yield Evolution in Benin's Plains
{ "background": "Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) techniques are increasingly recognised for their potential to enhance agricultural productivity while mitigating environmental impacts. In Benin's plains, a region characterized by high rainfall and fertile soil, rice cultivation is a cornerstone of the economy. However, climate variability poses significant challenges to achieving sustainable yields.", "purposeandobjectives": "This theoretical framework article aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of how CSA techniques can be effectively applied in Benin's rice-growing areas. The objectives are to identify key CSA interventions that could lead to increased yield stability and resilience against climatic fluctuations, and to establish the foundational knowledge for future empirical studies.", "methodology": "The methodology will involve literature review, stakeholder consultations, and analysis of existing data from Benin's rice farms to assess the efficacy of various CSA techniques. The theoretical framework will be constructed based on these insights, without requiring empirical results or data collection.", "keyinsights": "A key insight is that a combination of conservation agriculture practices, such as mulching and crop rotation, can significantly increase yield stability by reducing water loss and soil erosion in the region's arable lands. This insight highlights the need for tailored CSA approaches to maximise benefits across diverse climate conditions.", "conclusion": "This theoretical framework provides a robust foundation for understanding how CSA techniques could be deployed to enhance rice yields in Benin's plains, with potential applications extending beyond this study area.", "recommendations": "Recommendations include prioritising research into the specific impact of CSA on soil health and water management, as these factors are critical for achieving sustainable yield outcomes. Additionally, engaging local communities and farmers is essential for the successful implementation and adoption of CSA strategies in Benin's rice-growing regions.", "keywords": "Climate-Smart Agriculture, Conservation Agriculture, Rice Yield Stability, Benin Plains", "contribution_statement": "This article introduces a novel theoretical framework that identifies key CSA techniques with potential to enhance rice yields in Benin's plains, offering a roadmap for future empirical studies
Gender Equity in Solar Lighting Projects
Solar lighting projects in Tanzania have aimed to improve access to electricity, particularly for rural communities. However, disparities often exist, with gender being a significant factor. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews from 20 participants across various regions of Tanzania. The analysis focused on themes related to safety practices, community engagement, and professional development opportunities provided by the projects. Women reported a significant improvement in their personal lighting conditions due to project installations, with over 75% indicating that it has positively affected their daily routines and health outcomes. However, concerns about job security and leadership roles remained prevalent among participants. The findings highlight the need for projects to address both immediate needs (improved lighting) and long-term support structures (job stability and leadership opportunities) for women workers in solar installations. Project organizers are advised to prioritise gender-sensitive training programmes, inclusive leadership models, and transparent communication channels that involve local women’s groups in decision-making processes.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Adoption Rates of Biogas Stoves among Urban Poor in Nairobi Slums
Biogas stoves have been promoted as a sustainable alternative to traditional biomass fuels in rural areas of Kenya, but their adoption rates among urban poor remain underexplored. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews was employed to gather data from a representative sample of households in Nairobi slums. The survey revealed that only 15% of urban poor households use biogas stoves, primarily due to initial costs and lack of awareness about the health benefits compared to traditional cooking methods. While the majority of respondents expressed willingness to adopt biogas stoves, significant barriers such as financial constraints and limited information persist. Public health campaigns should be intensified to highlight the environmental and health advantages of biogas stoves, alongside subsidized financing options for households. Urban poverty, Biogas adoption, Nairobi slums, Household energy use
Youth Identity and Political Participation in Urban Benin
Youth in urban Benin face complex challenges related to identity formation and political participation, shaped by socio-economic factors and cultural norms. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews (n=30) and quantitative surveys (n=150) to gather data from youth aged 18-29 in Benin’s urban centers. Data analysis includes thematic coding for qualitative insights and statistical tests for quantifiable outcomes. Findings indicate that a significant proportion, 42%, of participants who identified with their ethnic group showed higher levels of political engagement compared to those without such identity recognition. The mixed-methods study reveals nuanced dynamics between youth identities and political participation in urban Benin, offering insights into policy-making aimed at promoting inclusive governance. Policy recommendations should focus on fostering a sense of collective identity among diverse youth groups within the context of urban development strategies to enhance their active engagement with local politics.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cultural Heritage Preservation in Digital West Africa
Cultural heritage in West Africa is increasingly threatened by rapid urbanization and digital transformation. In Mozambique, traditional cultural practices are facing significant challenges as younger generations adopt modern technology at a faster rate. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 participants comprising museum curators, traditional storytellers, and religious leaders. Data were collected through structured interviews and focus group discussions. The findings reveal a significant decline in the use of digital tools for cultural documentation (45%) and preservation (38%), with younger generations preferring modern communication methods over traditional ones. While the integration of technology is seen as beneficial, it poses challenges to preserving cultural heritage. Recommendations are provided to integrate digital platforms more effectively into cultural preservation strategies. Develop culturally sensitive digital tools and training programmes for cultural practitioners. Encourage collaboration between digital experts and traditional knowledge holders.
Gender Imbalances in Power Dynamics During African Political Transitions
Gender imbalances in power dynamics during African political transitions are significant issues that affect governance effectiveness and socio-economic development. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis to assess gender quotas implementation and their impact on women’s political participation. Female candidates in Senegalese elections have shown a consistent increase of about 20% since the introduction of gender quotas, though leadership positions remain predominantly male-dominated. The current gender quota system has had some positive effects but faces challenges such as entrenched patriarchal norms and underrepresentation of women in decision-making roles. Integrate gender-sensitive training for political parties to promote female candidates and increase awareness campaigns about the benefits of gender diversity in leadership.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in East Africa
Entrepreneurship ecosystems in East Africa, particularly Egypt, have been identified as critical for fostering innovation hubs that support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). These systems aim to create a supportive environment where entrepreneurs can access resources, networks, and knowledge necessary to develop innovative solutions. Data collection will involve a combination of surveys, interviews with stakeholders from both public and private sectors, and case study analyses of existing innovation hubs across Egypt. Qualitative content analysis will be used to interpret survey responses and interview transcripts. A significant proportion (60%) of SMEs in Egypt report difficulties accessing financing, which hampers their ability to invest in research and development. Conversely, there is a growing trend towards collaborative innovation models where public-private partnerships are increasingly common. While the ecosystem in Egypt shows promise with active collaboration between government and private sector entities, it faces significant challenges related to funding and regulatory frameworks that hinder its full potential. To enhance entrepreneurship ecosystems, there is a need for improved access to finance through tailored support programmes. Additionally, strengthening regulatory environments to facilitate innovation hubs could significantly boost the ecosystem's effectiveness. Entrepreneurship Ecosystems, Innovation Hubs, Egypt, SME Development
Resource Allocation Inequities and Environmental Justice Movements in Resource-Rich African Nations
Resource-rich African nations often face significant resource allocation inequities between urban and rural areas, leading to environmental degradation in less privileged regions. This article employs qualitative analysis of existing literature on environmental policies and grassroots activism in resource-rich African nations. The theoretical framework underscores the importance of integrating environmental justice principles into resource management policies to ensure sustainable development in Morocco and beyond. Policy makers should prioritise community participation in decision-making processes related to resource extraction, implementing stricter monitoring and enforcement mechanisms for industrial activities.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in Ethiopian Context
Entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs are crucial for fostering economic growth in emerging economies such as Ethiopia. These systems provide a framework for entrepreneurs to develop innovative products and services, thereby contributing to sustainable development. A comparative analysis will be conducted using secondary data from government reports, academic journals, and interviews with stakeholders. The study employs a mixed-methods approach to gather comprehensive insights into the functioning of these systems. There is a notable trend towards increased investment in innovation hubs within Ethiopia's entrepreneurial landscape, particularly in technology-driven sectors such as renewable energy and biotechnology. The research reveals that while there are promising developments, significant improvements are needed to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of these systems, especially in terms of access to funding and market integration for local enterprises. Policy makers should prioritise initiatives aimed at reducing barriers to entry for entrepreneurs and increasing support for innovation hubs. Additionally, fostering collaboration between hubs can lead to more impactful and innovative solutions. Entrepreneurship Ecosystems, Innovation Hubs, Ethiopia, East Africa, Sustainable Development
Optimising Rainwater Harvesting Systems for Sustainable Agriculture in Upper Guinea Region
Optimising rainwater harvesting systems (RWSs) for sustainable agriculture in the Upper Guinea Region of West Africa is crucial to address water scarcity and improve crop yields among smallholder farmers. A mixed-methods approach combining literature review, expert interviews, and quantitative modelling will inform the theoretical framework's development. This theoretical framework provides a robust foundation for future research into sustainable agriculture solutions, particularly focusing on RWS optimization and farmer engagement strategies. Strategies to enhance uptake should include targeted government subsidies, community-based training programmes, and demonstration projects showcasing the benefits of improved RWS systems.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Youth Identity and Political Engagement in Moroccan Urban Spaces
Youth in Morocco face challenges related to identity formation and political engagement within urban contexts. An action research study was conducted through participatory methods including focus groups, interviews, and community observations among young people aged 18-25 in urban areas of Casablanca. In the qualitative analysis, youth articulated a sense of marginalization but also identified potential for collective action, particularly regarding social inequalities and environmental issues. Themes emerged around perceptions of political efficacy and trust in institutions. Youth in Moroccan urban spaces exhibit diverse identities that influence their political engagement, highlighting both challenges and opportunities for civic participation. Policy makers should consider youth aspirations and the role of leadership within communities to foster inclusive governance structures.
Urbanization, Informal Settlements, and Social Welfare in Côte d'Ivoire
Urbanization in Côte d'Ivoire has transformed informal settlements into significant urban areas. However, these regions often lack adequate social welfare services. A comparative analysis approach was employed, incorporating data from government reports, interviews with community leaders, and surveys conducted among residents. Research revealed that informal settlement areas receive less than 50% of the social welfare services provided in formal settlements, highlighting significant disparities. The findings underscore the critical need for targeted interventions to improve access to essential social services in informal urban settings. Policy makers should prioritise implementing comprehensive social welfare programmes tailored specifically for informal settlement areas to address these inequalities.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Digital Financial Platforms in East African Tribes
Digital financial platforms have been increasingly adopted in various regions to facilitate microcredit, but their effectiveness and impact on East African tribes communities remain underexplored. The research employs quantitative data analysis and qualitative interviews to assess user engagement with digital financial platforms in microcredit transactions. A notable trend observed was the gradual increase in user adoption from 20% at baseline to 45% after one year, indicating a positive shift towards digital financial inclusion. The study highlights significant improvements in access and utilization of microcredit services through digital platforms within East African tribes communities. Future research should focus on scaling up successful models and addressing technological barriers to ensure broader adoption across other tribes. Digital Financial Platforms, Microcredit, Tribes Communities, Namibia
The Central African Republic (CAR), situated in central Africa, is a developing country with limited economic resources and infrastructure. The region lacks strong regional integration frameworks, leading to fragmented policies among various states. The analysis employs qualitative research methods, including document review and expert interviews, to examine existing regional economic agreements in Central Africa. Comparative frameworks are used to assess similarities and differences among these blocs. A notable finding is the significant proportion (85%) of CAR’s neighboring countries have established at least one regional economic block, highlighting the region's potential for collective action. The comparative analysis underscores the importance of aligning CAR's policies with existing regional frameworks to facilitate smoother integration and mutual benefits among member states. Develop a strategic partnership model based on successful neighboring blocs, and promote harmonization of economic policies across CAR’s borders.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urbanization and Informal Settlements in Liberian Cities
Urbanization in Liberian cities has led to significant changes in settlement patterns, with informal settlements emerging as a prominent feature. The research employs qualitative and quantitative methods, including case studies in three Liberian cities, structured interviews with stakeholders, and analysis of government records to assess service coverage and gaps within informal settlements. Urbanization has resulted in a significant increase (35%) in the population living in informal settlements compared to formal areas, highlighting the need for tailored social welfare policies that address the specific needs of these communities. Informal settlements pose unique challenges for social welfare systems but also offer opportunities for innovative solutions and targeted interventions that can improve service delivery efficiency and effectiveness. Policy recommendations include developing comprehensive urban planning strategies, enhancing community engagement in service provision, and implementing technology-driven monitoring tools to track progress and impact. Urbanization, Informal Settlements, Social Welfare Systems, Liberia
Historical Foundations of Governance in São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe is a small island nation in West Africa with a rich history of governance shaped by colonial influences and subsequent post-independence developments. The study employs a qualitative analysis of archival documents and secondary sources to trace the evolution of governance structures from independence until present day. Key themes emerge including the impact of Portuguese colonial legacy on political institutions, the role of external aid in shaping policy decisions, and the persistence of traditional power dynamics within the government. A notable finding is the significant influence of historical contexts on current governmental inefficiencies. The historical roots identified provide a framework for understanding contemporary governance challenges in São Tomé and Príncipe. Future research should focus on developing adaptive strategies to mitigate the effects of historical legacies, such as fostering inclusive political processes that account for diverse societal influences.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
School Gardening Initiatives as Nutrition Policies for Ethiopian Girl Adolescents边缘化 Ethiopic Daughters
School gardening initiatives have gained attention as a potential solution to address malnutrition among marginalized groups in Ethiopia. The analysis is based on qualitative interviews with educators and students from selected schools implementing such initiatives. Data was collected through semi-structured questionnaires and informal discussions. School gardening initiatives have been associated with a notable increase in the variety of fruits, vegetables, and other nutritious foods consumed by participating girls, contributing to improved dietary diversity. The findings suggest that school gardening programmes can be effective in enhancing nutritional intake among Ethiopian girl adolescents living on the margins. Future research should explore long-term effects and scalability. Policy makers are encouraged to consider integrating school gardening initiatives into existing nutrition policies as a cost-effective and community-driven approach to improving adolescent health outcomes.
Cultural Adaptation and Resilience in Migrant Communities of Southern Africa
Migrant communities in Southern Africa face unique challenges that impact their cultural adaptation and resilience. Senegal is a significant hub for migration from countries like Mali, Mauritania, and Burkina Faso, presenting an opportunity to study these dynamics. The research employs a qualitative approach involving semi-structured interviews with migrants from various backgrounds. Data collection is conducted through focus group discussions and participant observation within Senegalese communities to understand cultural practices and resilience mechanisms. Findings indicate that Senegalese migrant communities in urban areas predominantly rely on strong kinship networks for social support, which significantly aids their adaptation process. There is a notable trend towards preserving traditional festivals and languages despite economic pressures. The study reveals the importance of maintaining cultural heritage as a cornerstone for resilience among migrants in Senegal, offering insights into strategies that could be beneficial for other diaspora communities. Policy makers should consider supporting initiatives that enhance community cohesion and preserve cultural identities to facilitate smoother integration processes among migrant populations.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Water Scarcity Mitigation Strategies in the Nile Basin of Tunisia
Water scarcity is a critical issue in the Nile Basin of Tunisia, affecting agricultural productivity and exacerbating socio-economic challenges. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as Web of Science and Google Scholar, focusing on peer-reviewed articles from the past decade. The review identified a significant proportion (over 70%) of conflicts arising from disputes over water allocation between upstream and downstream regions. Current strategies often focus on technological solutions rather than addressing underlying governance issues, leading to inequitable resource distribution. Stakeholders should prioritise collaborative governance models that involve all affected parties in decision-making processes.