Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Measuring Cost-Effectiveness in South African Secondary Schools Systems

The current secondary schools systems in South Africa have faced challenges in optimising resource allocation for educational outcomes. A Bayesian hierarchical model was employed to analyse data from multiple studies, accounting for variability at both the system level and individual student level. The analysis revealed significant disparities in cost-effectiveness between schools, with certain institutions showing up to 30% higher efficiency in physics education compared to others. The Bayesian hierarchical model provides a robust framework for assessing cost-effectiveness in secondary school systems, facilitating informed policy decisions. Policy makers are encouraged to prioritise resource allocation based on the findings of this meta-analysis, particularly in schools demonstrating higher efficiency. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.