Influencing Factors in Adopting Climate-Smart Agriculture among Kenyan Farmers: A Theoretical Framework

Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is a set of practices designed to enhance agricultural productivity while reducing environmental impact and enhancing resilience against climate change. In Kenya, CSA techniques are increasingly being adopted by farmers as they face challenges such as droughts and unpredictable weather patterns. No empirical data collection or analysis is conducted in this article; instead, a review of existing literature will be used to synthesize the influencing factors for adopting CSA among Kenyan farmers. The theoretical framework will draw from psychological theories and socio-economic models relevant to agriculture. This theoretical framework provides insights into the psychological and socio-economic determinants of CSA adoption among Kenyan farmers, offering guidance for policymakers and agricultural extension workers aiming to encourage more widespread adoption of sustainable farming practices. Based on the identified key influencing factors, recommendations include enhancing farmer education programmes that emphasise both the technical aspects of CSA techniques and their broader benefits. Additionally, fostering community networks can help reduce barriers to CSA adoption by providing social support.