Methodological Validation of Primary Care Network Systems in Ghana Using Difference-in-Differences Analysis

Urban primary care networks in Ghana are designed to improve access to healthcare services, but their effectiveness has not been rigorously evaluated. A DiD analysis was employed across two time periods: pre-intervention and post-intervention, to assess the impact of urban primary care networks on patient outcomes in Ghanaian communities. The DiD analysis revealed an overall positive trend towards improved health indicators among patients enrolled in the network compared to those not enrolled, with a statistically significant effect size (β = -0.56, p < 0.01). Urban primary care networks demonstrate potential for enhancing healthcare access and outcomes in Ghanaian urban settings. Further longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm these findings and explore the mechanisms underlying network effectiveness. primary care networks, DiD analysis, health outcomes, Ghana Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.