Sustainable Pest and Disease Management Practices in Tanzanian Maize Cultivation Over a Decade,

Maize is a crucial staple crop in Tanzania, facing challenges from pests and diseases that threaten yield stability. A longitudinal study using surveys of farmers to track adoption rates, efficacy, and impact of integrated pest management strategies. Farmers adopted drip irrigation with varying success, leading to an average yield increase of 15% compared to traditional methods (95% confidence interval: 6-24%). Integrated pest management practices showed significant yield benefits and were widely adopted among maize farmers in Tanzania. Promote drip irrigation as a sustainable practice, with further research into cost-effectiveness across diverse geographical regions. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.