This article examines Ethnogenesis and Conflict: How Political Competition Creates and Hardens Ethnic Boundaries: Post-CPA and Beyond with a focused emphasis on Morocco within the field of African Studies. It is structured as a perspective piece that organises the problem, the strongest verified scholarship, and the main analytical implications in a concise publication-ready format. The paper foregrounds the most relevant institutional, policy, or theoretical dynamics for the African context and closes with a practical conclusion linked to the core argument.