Climate shocks pose significant challenges to agricultural productivity in Tanzania's supply chains. A synthesis analysis integrating secondary data from government reports, academic journals, and international organizations. Supply chain disruptions due to droughts and floods were evident in 40% of analysed regions, affecting both crop yields and livestock production. The resilience gap is most pronounced among smallholder farmers who lack adequate insurance coverage and infrastructure support. Enhanced insurance schemes tailored for climate risks, improved early warning systems, and targeted capacity building programmes for rural communities are recommended.