Urban slums in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania face significant challenges in water supply and sanitation infrastructure, impacting social cohesion and economic opportunities. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from household surveys with qualitative insights from focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Significant improvements in access to clean drinking water and improved sanitation facilities were noted, with over 70% of participants reporting enhanced health conditions. The programme demonstrated positive effects on reducing disease prevalence and increasing community engagement in local governance activities. Sustainable funding mechanisms should be established to ensure long-term maintenance of infrastructure. Community-led initiatives are recommended for continued improvement and sustainability. Urban slums, water sanitation, social cohesion, economic development, Dar es Salaam