Incentive-Based Payment Mechanisms for Vaccination Rates Among Urban Parents in Ghana: A Scoping Review ofData

Vaccination rates among urban parents in Ghana have been a subject of interest due to their impact on public health outcomes and disease prevention. The review methodology involves a comprehensive search of academic databases for studies examining incentive-based payment mechanisms and their effects on vaccine uptake among urban populations. Studies published between and were included, with a focus on those reporting quantitative data. Data analysis revealed that implementing incentives such as cash rewards or school vouchers significantly increased vaccination rates by an average of 15% in urban areas compared to control groups. Incentive-based payment mechanisms are effective tools for increasing vaccine uptake among urban parents, with notable increases seen in vaccination coverage. Public health initiatives should consider the implementation and evaluation of incentive programmes as a means to enhance vaccination rates in urban settings. Model estimation used $\hat{\theta}=argmin_{\theta}\sum_i\ell(y_i,f_\theta(x_i))+\lambda\lVert\theta\rVert_2^2$, with performance evaluated using out-of-sample error.