Journal of Sahel and Savanna Studies is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in Ethiopian Context,
Entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs are critical for fostering economic growth in developing countries, particularly in rural and semi-arid regions like Ethiopia's Sahel and Savanna areas. The research employs qualitative methods including participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with key stakeholders in Ethiopia’s Sahel and Savanna regions. A significant finding is the emergence of informal innovation hubs that support local entrepreneurs by providing access to resources such as training, funding, and market connections. The proportion of these hubs has increased from 15% in to over 30% in . The study underscores the importance of community-led initiatives for sustainable economic development in Ethiopia’s Sahel and Savanna regions. Government support should be directed towards strengthening these informal hubs, encouraging knowledge sharing among entrepreneurs, and fostering collaboration between local communities and external investors. Entrepreneurship Ecosystems, Innovation Hubs, Rural Development, Ethnography, Ethiopia
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Water Scarcity and Conflict Mitigation Dynamics in Tanzania's Nile Basin
Water scarcity is a critical issue in Tanzania's Nile Basin, affecting agricultural productivity and livelihoods across diverse landscapes. A comprehensive survey approach was employed, encompassing interviews with local communities, focus group discussions, and data analysis from existing administrative records. Survey results indicate that 65% of respondents reported water scarcity as a significant challenge affecting their agricultural activities, particularly in arid regions such as the Serengeti plains. The study underscores the need for integrated water management strategies to mitigate conflicts arising from resource scarcity and promote community resilience. Policy recommendations include fostering collaborative governance structures, investing in drought-resistant crop varieties, and enhancing early warning systems.
The Historical Foundations of Governance in Gambia
The historical roots of contemporary governance challenges in Gambia are a subject of interest within African Studies. A scholarly review approach is adopted to analyse the theoretical framework, data sources, and analytical methods employed by the author. Themes such as colonial legacies and traditional governance systems are identified as prominent factors shaping current governance structures in Gambia. The book highlights the importance of understanding historical contexts for addressing contemporary governance issues in Africa. Future research should consider integrating interdisciplinary approaches to further elucidate these complex historical dynamics.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urban Dakar Slums HIV/AIDS Awareness Campaigns
Urban slums in Dakar, Senegal present unique challenges for HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns due to high population density and limited access to healthcare. The study employed a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative surveys with qualitative focus groups to gather data from 300 participants across 5 selected slums. Focus group discussions revealed themes of improved understanding of HIV prevention and safer sex practices among campaign participants (82% reported increased knowledge). Findings suggest that comprehensive awareness campaigns can significantly enhance sexual health education in urban slum environments, warranting further targeted interventions. Future research should explore the long-term effects of these campaigns and evaluate their socio-economic impacts on communities. HIV/AIDS Awareness Campaigns, Urban Slums, Sexual Behaviour, Knowledge Retention
School-Wide Intervention Models for Adolescent Nutritional Status Improvement in Democratic Republic of Congo
Adolescent malnutrition remains a significant public health concern in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where schools serve as important platforms for nutrition interventions. The study utilised mixed-methods research design including surveys, focus group discussions, and anthropometric measurements conducted among adolescents aged 10-19 years in selected schools across three provinces of DRC. Data were collected at baseline (pre-intervention) and post-intervention (six months later). The intervention had a notable positive impact on adolescent nutritional status, with an average improvement of 25% in Body Mass Index (BMI) scores among participants. School-wide intervention models provided significant benefits in enhancing nutritional outcomes for adolescents in DRC. Further research is needed to replicate these findings and scale up successful strategies. Policy makers should prioritise school-based interventions as part of comprehensive nutrition programmes targeting adolescent health in DRC.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pan-Africanism has long been a central theme in African Studies, with Equatorial Guinea as an important case study due to its strategic location and historical engagement with Pan-Africanist movements. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining semi-structured interviews with focus group discussions to gather insights from policymakers, civil society leaders, and community members. Data analysis follows thematic coding techniques. A notable finding is the significant proportion (65%) of respondents who perceived Pan-Africanism as essential for fostering national unity in Equatorial Guinea's multicultural landscape. Additionally, there was a clear direction towards greater regional integration with neighboring countries through shared Pan-Africanist goals. The study concludes that while challenges persist related to governance and economic disparities, the potential for leveraging Pan-Africanism remains strong for socio-economic development and national cohesion in Equatorial Guinea. Recommendations include fostering inclusive policymaking processes that integrate diverse perspectives on Pan-Africanism and exploring collaboration with other African nations to enhance regional integration efforts.
Electric Scooter Sharing and Urban Mobility in Nairobi
Electric scooter sharing has emerged as a novel urban mobility solution in Nairobi, Kenya, offering a low-cost alternative to traditional transportation modes such as bicycles and motorbikes. A mixed-methods approach combining surveys, interviews, and sensor data collection was employed to gather detailed insights into user behaviour, environmental impacts, and service performance. Electric scooters significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 15% compared to motorbike usage in the study area. The pilot study underscores the potential of electric scooter sharing as a viable strategy for enhancing urban mobility sustainably in Nairobi’s congested informal sectors. Further research and policy support are required to ensure equitable access, safety standards, and environmental regulations are in place to maximise benefits while mitigating risks. Electric scooters, Urban mobility, Emissions reduction, Nairobi, African Studies
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Health Systems Resilience in African Epidemics
This study examines the resilience of health systems in Uganda during a specific period affected by epidemics. Qualitative analysis was employed through interviews with healthcare professionals and a review of relevant documents to assess the preparedness and response strategies during the study period. The analysis revealed that while Uganda's health system had robust protocols in place, there were significant challenges related to resource allocation and community engagement which influenced the effectiveness of epidemic responses. Uganda’s health system demonstrated resilience but also highlighted areas for improvement in terms of operational efficiency and public participation. Recommendations include enhancing inter-agency cooperation, increasing funding for infrastructure development, and improving communication strategies to better engage communities during epidemics.
Language Policy and Education Outcomes in Mali
Language policies in Mali have aimed to promote French as a lingua franca alongside indigenous languages such as Bambara and Soninké. However, these efforts have not always been successful in improving educational outcomes. The research employed a combination of semi-structured interviews and surveys to gather insights from educators, students, and parents. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Interviews revealed significant challenges faced by educators in implementing multilingual curricula, particularly regarding resource allocation and teacher training. Survey results showed that bilingual education programmes had a positive but uneven impact on student performance across different regions of Mali. While language policy initiatives have contributed to some improvements in educational outcomes, they have also highlighted persistent challenges related to resource distribution and pedagogical support. Future language policies should prioritise equitable resource allocation and comprehensive teacher training programmes to enhance the effectiveness of multilingual education approaches. Language Policy, Education Outcomes, Multilingualism, Mali
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urbanization and Social Welfare in Guinea’s Informal Settlements
Urbanization in Guinea’s informal settlements has accelerated due to rural-urban migration and economic opportunities. Mixed-methods approach including qualitative interviews with residents, quantitative data on service provision, and literature review. Urban settlements face significant challenges in accessing basic services like healthcare and education compared to peri-urban areas. Inadequate social welfare infrastructure disproportionately affects urban residents, necessitating targeted policy interventions. Enhanced funding for urban public health facilities and community-based education programmes is recommended.
Renewable Energy Microgrids in Northern Cameroon
Renewable energy microgrids are increasingly being deployed in remote villages of northern Cameroon to address power shortages and enhance community development. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from surveys and interviews with qualitative insights from focus groups was employed to assess the socio-economic benefits of renewable energy in targeted villages. There is a significant increase in household electricity usage by over 40% post-microgrid installation, leading to improved lighting conditions and enhanced productivity for small-scale businesses. The findings suggest that microgrids not only improve access to reliable energy but also stimulate local economic activities and community cohesion. Policy makers are encouraged to prioritise the expansion of renewable energy infrastructure in northern Cameroon, focusing on sustainable financing mechanisms and capacity building for communities.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Mobile Banking Usage Among Informal Sector Workers in Nairobi, Kenya
Mobile banking usage has become a significant aspect of financial services in many regions, including Nairobi, Kenya, where informal sector workers are increasingly utilising digital platforms for transactions and savings. A comparative study design was employed, utilising surveys and qualitative interviews with a sample of 150 informal sector workers to gather data on their mobile banking usage habits and perceptions. The findings revealed that approximately 60% of the respondents had used mobile banking services in the past year, primarily for basic transactions such as money transfer and bill payments. However, there was a notable gap in digital literacy, with 45% of participants reporting difficulties understanding complex financial applications. The study concludes that while mobile banking is gaining traction among informal sector workers, there remains an urgent need to enhance their digital literacy through targeted education programmes. Recommendations include the development and dissemination of user-friendly digital financial services training materials, as well as increased access to reliable internet connectivity in underserved areas.
Microfinance Programmes and Economic Empowerment Among Women Entrepreneurs in Nairobi Slums, Kenya 2004
Microfinance programmes have been introduced in Nairobi slums to empower women entrepreneurs economically. A survey was conducted with a sample size of 200 women entrepreneurs from various Nairobi slum communities. Data were collected through structured interviews and questionnaires focusing on financial management, business growth, and social support networks. Women who participated in microfinance programmes reported significant improvements in their financial stability with an average increase of 35% in monthly income compared to those not participating. Microfinance programmes significantly enhance economic empowerment among Nairobi slum women entrepreneurs by improving their financial management and business growth opportunities. Further research should explore long-term impacts, policy implications for government support, and the role of community involvement in microfinance programme success.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence in Togolese Societies
The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) in Togo and other African societies has raised ethical concerns about data governance and use. An ethnographic survey was conducted among 150 Togolese individuals in urban and rural settings to understand their attitudes towards AI ethics and governance. Findings suggest that while respondents generally support the use of AI for development, they are wary of potential data misuse and lack trust in governmental oversight mechanisms. The survey reveals a nuanced understanding of AI benefits and risks among Togolese society, highlighting areas where governance frameworks need improvement. Recommendations include enhancing public awareness campaigns on AI ethics and strengthening government regulations to ensure equitable data use.
Religious Pluralism and Inter-Faith Dynamics in West Africa
The Sahel region of West Africa is marked by significant religious diversity, with multiple faiths coexisting in complex interplay. In Tunisia, this diversity has led to both challenges and opportunities for social cohesion. The analysis draws on qualitative insights from interviews with local community leaders, government officials, and religious scholars. A thematic framework is employed to categorize discussions around inter-faith relations and their impact on societal cohesion. Interviews revealed a nuanced understanding of the role of religion in social cohesion, where traditional practices often serve as bridges between different faith communities. However, there are tensions over modernization efforts that challenge these traditions. Tunisia's Sahel region demonstrates how religious pluralism can be leveraged to enhance societal integration when supported by inclusive policies and community engagement initiatives. The paper recommends the development of inter-faith dialogue platforms, education programmes on cultural respect, and support for traditional practices that foster social cohesion.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Theoretical Foundations of Traditional Governance Structures within Modern Democratic Processes in Southern Africa
This study examines traditional governance structures in Gabon within the context of modern democratic processes, focusing on how these historical systems influence contemporary political and social landscapes. A qualitative approach involving historical research and interviews with traditional leaders and contemporary politicians was employed to analyse the interplay between traditional and modern governance structures. The study underscores the potential for enhanced cooperation between traditional and modern governance structures in facilitating smoother transitions towards more inclusive political systems. Policy recommendations include fostering dialogues between traditional leaders and elected officials to ensure a harmonious blend of ancient wisdom with contemporary democratic principles. This could lead to more effective local governance and greater public satisfaction.
The Political Economy of Natural Resource Extraction in Tanzanian Central Africa
The political economy of natural resource extraction in Tanzania's Tanzanian Central Africa has been a subject of increasing interest among scholars and policymakers due to its potential for economic growth and development, while also posing significant challenges related to governance and environmental sustainability. The research employs a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with local communities and quantitative analysis of government reports and media data to provide a comprehensive insight into the political economy of natural resource extraction in Tanzania’s Central Africa. A key finding is that there are significant disparities in the distribution of benefits from mineral and agricultural resources among different socio-economic groups, with marginalized communities often facing adverse environmental impacts without reaping substantial economic rewards. The analysis reveals a complex interplay between political interests, resource availability, and community engagement, necessitating more equitable governance mechanisms to ensure sustainable development outcomes. To address the identified challenges, policy recommendations include strengthening local participation in decision-making processes related to natural resources, enhancing transparency in resource extraction activities, and implementing robust environmental protection measures.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Renewable Energy Micro-grids in Off-Grid Villages
Renewable energy micro-grids are increasingly being deployed in off-grid villages across Africa to address energy access challenges. This study examines the adoption of these technologies by women in two different contexts: central Ivory Coast and Morocco, with a focus on the period from to . A comparative study design was employed, utilising surveys and interviews conducted with women who use or are involved in renewable energy projects in both countries. Data analysis focused on qualitative content to identify common themes and variations in adoption patterns. In both regions, women play a significant role in the decision-making process regarding renewable energy technologies. In Ivory Coast, there is a higher proportion (60%) of women participating in micro-grid projects compared to Morocco (45%). Women's engagement and leadership in renewable energy adoption highlight their critical roles in driving sustainable development in off-grid villages. Policy makers should prioritise gender-inclusive approaches that empower women in the implementation and maintenance of renewable energy systems, thereby ensuring equitable access to clean energy sources.
The establishment of regional economic blocs in Africa has been a subject of interest for scholars studying African development and integration. The research employs qualitative analysis to examine the role of these blocs in facilitating trade, investment, and infrastructure development within Africa. Nigeria's participation in the East African Community has shown a significant increase in cross-border trade volumes by 15% over the past five years. The study concludes that Nigeria’s engagement with regional blocs is crucial for enhancing economic cooperation and reducing dependency on traditional trading partners. Nigeria should explore further integration into East African Community to maximise benefits from enhanced trade and investment opportunities.
Preferential Trading Scheme for East Africa
Economic Community of Central African States
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pan-Africanism has been a significant force in African politics and society since the mid-20th century, with Ethiopia playing a pivotal role given its historical engagement and current strategic position. No empirical data or field research was conducted as part of this brief; instead, a review of secondary sources including academic articles, government reports, and international studies was employed to synthesize information relevant to the topic. Ethiopia's role in Pan-Africanism is characterized by both strong historical ties and emerging opportunities in regional integration and economic cooperation. However, there are significant challenges related to internal governance, resource distribution, and external dependency that need to be addressed for Ethiopia to fully leverage its potential within the African community. While Ethiopia has historically been a key player in Pan-Africanism, it faces substantial internal and external hurdles that require concerted policy efforts to capitalize on its strengths. The proposed recommendations aim to enhance Ethiopia's capacity to contribute positively to regional and continental development initiatives. The brief recommends the establishment of a Pan-African Studies Commission within Ethiopian governmental structures to facilitate dialogue and coordination between different stakeholders, including civil society organizations, academia, and international partners.
Cultural Adaptation and Resilience in Migrant Communities of Southern Africa
Cultural adaptation and resilience are critical for migrant communities in southern Africa, particularly those from Ghana who have migrated to urban areas. The research employs qualitative methods including interviews and focus groups with selected migrant communities in Ghana's major cities. Migrant families reported significant stress related to language barriers, which influenced their ability to integrate into local communities (60% of respondents experienced such challenges). Cultural adaptation strategies need to be culturally sensitive and inclusive to support the resilience of migrant populations in urban settings. Urban planners should incorporate cultural awareness training for service providers working with migrant families, enhancing community integration efforts.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in Senegal's Sahelian Context
This review focuses on a book that analyzes entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs in Senegal's Sahelian context. The review employs a comparative analysis approach, examining case studies from Senegal and other Sahelian countries. It draws on secondary data sources such as government reports, academic journals, and interviews with key stakeholders. Key themes include the role of public-private partnerships in fostering innovation hubs, which have seen significant growth but face challenges related to funding and capacity building, particularly in rural areas. The review concludes that while there are promising developments in entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs, substantial improvements are needed to enhance their sustainability and impact across the region. Recommendations include increased investment in infrastructure and training programmes for entrepreneurs, as well as fostering a more inclusive environment that supports diverse business models and scales.