School-Based Sex Education Programmes and Adolescent Reproductive Health Knowledge in South Africa: A Systematic Literature Review

School-based sex education programmes have been implemented in South Africa to improve adolescent reproductive health knowledge. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies published between and were included based on predefined inclusion criteria. The review identified a significant increase (p < 0.05) in knowledge about contraception among participants who received sex education compared to those who did not. School-based sex education programmes have shown promise in enhancing adolescent reproductive health knowledge, though further research is needed to tailor interventions effectively. Future studies should focus on evaluating the long-term impact of these programmes and exploring cultural adaptations to enhance effectiveness. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.