African Journal of Religion and Society is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Preserving West African Cultural Heritage in the Digital Age
The rapid advancement of digital technologies has transformed how cultural heritage is preserved, managed, and accessed in West Africa. A comparative study involving fieldwork in rural and urban settings across Guinea, employing semi-structured interviews and ethnographic observations. In Guinée Forestière, the use of mobile applications for oral history documentation was more prevalent (60%) compared to other regions like Conakry, where digital storytelling platforms were more popular (75%). Digital tools have emerged as crucial in maintaining cultural continuity but vary significantly by region and community. Policy makers should incentivize the development of culturally sensitive digital platforms that support traditional knowledge transmission.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urbanization and Social Welfare in Informal Settlements of Mali
Urbanization in Mali has accelerated rapidly, leading to significant challenges in managing informal settlements where social welfare services are often inadequate or non-existent. The study employed a mixed-methods approach involving qualitative interviews, focus group discussions, and secondary data analysis to assess current service gaps and identify effective policy interventions. A key finding is that informal settlements in Mali house approximately 40% of the urban population but receive only 15% of government social welfare funds, highlighting a severe imbalance in resource allocation. Effective policies must prioritise equitable distribution of resources and community engagement to address these disparities effectively. Recommendations include reallocating more funding towards informal settlements, implementing community-led service delivery models, and enhancing public-private partnerships for social welfare initiatives.
Virtual reality (VR) technology has gained traction in educational settings globally, offering immersive learning experiences. In South Africa, where disparities in educational access are prevalent, VR platforms present an innovative avenue to bridge these gaps, particularly for children with disabilities. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and observational studies. Data were collected from 10 schools across three provinces, analysing both quantitative data on student engagement and qualitative insights into teacher perceptions and student experiences. A key finding was that while VR technology is available in most schools, access varies significantly by region. For instance, only 40% of schools in rural areas had adequate VR equipment compared to 75% in urban settings. Despite challenges with resource distribution and technical infrastructure, VR education showed promise for enhancing engagement and inclusivity among children with disabilities. However, sustained efforts are needed to ensure equitable access across all regions. Policy makers should prioritise investment in digital infrastructure and training programmes to support the integration of VR into mainstream educational curricula. Schools require ongoing support to maintain and upgrade their VR equipment.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Historical Foundations of Contemporary Governance Challenges in Guinea
The historical development of contemporary governance challenges in Guinea is a subject of interest within African Studies. A qualitative analytical approach will be employed to examine primary sources and secondary literature for insights into these historical roots. Historical data suggests a significant influence of French colonial practices on contemporary political structures, particularly in the decentralization of power and administrative divisions. The analysis highlights how past governance models have shaped current Guinea's complex political landscape. Future research should consider empirical case studies to validate historical analyses and inform policy recommendations for more effective governance frameworks.
Adoption Rates and Educational Outcomes of Adolescent Literacy Programmes in Nairobi Slums, Kenya
Adolescent literacy programmes in Nairobi slums aim to enhance educational opportunities for young people who may face socio-economic barriers. A mixed-methods approach including surveys, interviews, and focus groups was employed to gather data from a representative sample of slum youth and educators. Adoption rates varied significantly across different slums, with Programme X showing the highest adoption rate at 75% among surveyed adolescents. The findings suggest that contextual factors influence programme uptake and effectiveness in Nairobi slums. Programme developers should tailor interventions to specific community needs and monitor outcomes closely for sustainable impact.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Political Economy of Natural Resource Extraction in Ghana
Natural resource extraction in Ghana has been a subject of significant interest in African studies due to its economic importance and potential environmental impacts. The study employs a combination of qualitative interviews with key informants and quantitative analysis of government reports and market trends. Data triangulation is used for robustness and validity checks. A notable finding is the significant disparity in revenue distribution between local communities and central government, where communities often receive only 10% of total extraction profits, highlighting a critical issue in resource governance. The study underscores the need for more equitable resource allocation policies to ensure sustainable development in Ghana's natural resource sector. Policy recommendations include increasing transparency in revenue sharing agreements and enhancing community participation in decision-making processes related to resource extraction.
Environmental Justice Movements in Resource-Rich African Societies
Environmental justice movements in resource-rich African societies are increasingly recognised for their role in addressing environmental degradation and social inequality. South Sudan, with its abundant natural resources, exemplifies these dynamics. However, empirical research on such movements is limited. A qualitative approach will be employed to analyse existing literature, case studies, and interviews with movement leaders and activists in South Sudan. This method will help in understanding the complex interplay between environmental issues and social justice. This framework offers a nuanced understanding of environmental justice movements in South Sudan and contributes to the broader field of African studies by highlighting the need for more inclusive governance structures that consider social equity alongside economic development. Policy recommendations include strengthening legal frameworks to protect marginalized communities, enhancing community engagement processes in resource management, and fostering cross-sectoral collaboration between government agencies and civil society organizations.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Adoption and Outcomes of Mobile Health Monitoring Apps among Diabetic Patients in Rural Ethiopian Villages,
Mobile health monitoring apps have been increasingly adopted by patients in urban settings to manage chronic conditions such as diabetes. However, little is known about their adoption and outcomes among rural diabetic patients in Ethiopia. Qualitative research methodology was employed, including semi-structured interviews with 50 diabetic patients from four randomly selected rural villages. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Among the interviewed participants, 32% reported using mobile health monitoring apps regularly for diabetes management. Common themes included ease of use and improved self-management skills, though some faced challenges related to connectivity issues and app functionality limitations. Mobile health monitoring apps show promise as a tool for enhancing diabetic patient care in rural Ethiopia, particularly among those with good internet access and stable mobile networks. Further research should explore the long-term effectiveness of these apps on diabetes management outcomes. Policymakers could consider subsidizing app usage or improving infrastructure to support wider adoption. Diabetes, Mobile Health Monitoring Apps, Rural Ethiopia, Qualitative Study
The study examines regional economic blocs in Togo within the broader context of African Studies. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis to explore perceptions and impacts. There is a significant preference among Togolese businesses for ECOWAS over COMESA, highlighting the bloc's stronger economic ties and infrastructure investments in West Africa. The study underscores the importance of regional economic blocs for sustainable development in Togo but highlights the need for tailored strategies to maximise benefits. Policy recommendations include fostering closer collaboration between ECOWAS member states, enhancing cross-border trade facilitation, and promoting regional value chains.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Microfinance Initiatives and Women's Empowerment in Northern Ghana
Microfinance initiatives have been implemented in various parts of Africa to promote economic development and empower women. This study focuses on Northern Ghana, a region where such programmes are less studied. A longitudinal study design was employed, tracking participants over a five-year period from to . Data collection involved semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and community surveys. Women reported increased financial stability and improved access to healthcare services as key outcomes of microfinance participation. There was a significant improvement (35%) in household income among beneficiaries compared to non-beneficiaries. Microfinance initiatives significantly enhanced women's economic status and community engagement, though challenges persist related to social norms and institutional support. Policy makers should prioritise capacity building for microfinance institutions and community organizations to ensure sustainable development outcomes. Enhanced gender-sensitive policies are also recommended.
Land reform dynamics in East Africa have significant socio-economic implications, particularly in Tanzania where land tenure systems and agricultural productivity are under scrutiny. No empirical data will be presented; instead, this article employs theoretical analysis and literature review to construct a comprehensive socio-economic model for understanding land reform impacts. The constructed model highlights the critical role of government policy and community engagement in mitigating negative socio-economic impacts resulting from uneven land distribution. Policy recommendations include strengthening legal frameworks to ensure equitable land tenure systems and fostering inclusive dialogue between different stakeholders to resolve ongoing conflicts.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Impact of School-Based Nutrition Education on Adolescent Eating Behaviors in Ghanaian Schools
Adolescents in Ghanaian schools face challenges related to nutrition education, potentially affecting their eating behaviors. Previous studies have shown varied impacts of school-based interventions on adolescent dietary habits and health outcomes, but empirical evidence from Djibouti is limited. The research employed semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of students (n=20) and educators (n=15) from selected schools. Data were analysed thematically to explore themes related to nutrition education programmes, adolescent eating behaviors, and perceived impacts. Findings indicate that adolescents in Ghanaian schools view school-based nutrition education as beneficial but often perceive the curriculum to be limited or insufficiently engaging. Themes emerged around students' dietary changes influenced by educational sessions focused on balanced meals and hydration. The qualitative study reveals mixed perceptions of nutrition education among both students and educators, suggesting a need for more inclusive and interactive programmes to enhance their effectiveness in Ghanaian schools. Recommendation is for future researchers to consider incorporating diverse teaching strategies and materials that cater to different learning styles and cultural contexts within school-based nutrition education initiatives. nutrition education, adolescent eating behaviors, qualitative study, Djibouti, Ghanaian schools
Youth Employment Programmes in Lagos, Nigeria
Youth unemployment in Lagos, Nigeria has been a persistent challenge over the past decade, with youth being a significant portion of the unemployed population. A qualitative study approach was employed, involving interviews with programme participants, stakeholders, and policymakers. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis. Interviews revealed that while some programmes showed positive outcomes in terms of skill development (30% reported improved employability skills), there was a notable lack of consistent funding (56% indicated unstable financial support). Despite mixed results, the study highlights the importance of sustained and stable funding for youth employment initiatives. Stakeholders should prioritise long-term planning with reliable financial backing to enhance programme sustainability and effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Effectiveness of Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) on Toilet Usage Among Households in Nairobi Slums, Kenya
Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS) is a participatory approach aimed at promoting improved sanitation facilities in communities. This study examines its effectiveness on toilet usage among households in Nairobi slums, focusing on Kenya. The study employed a mixed-methods approach involving surveys and focus group discussions to gather qualitative insights into household sanitation practices before and after the implementation of CLTS interventions in Nairobi slums. Households showed an increase in toilet usage frequency by 20% post-intervention, with a notable rise in the proportion of households reporting daily use from 35% to 48%. The effectiveness of CLTS on promoting toilet usage among Nairobi slum households is evident, highlighting its potential as an effective public health intervention. Communities and policymakers should consider scaling up CLTS initiatives in similar contexts, particularly focusing on addressing gender disparities and ensuring continuous community engagement for sustained results.
Technology Adoption and Youth Employment in Nairobi's Information Technology Hub
Technology adoption in Nairobi’s information technology hub has become a significant factor influencing youth employment opportunities. Qualitative data was collected through interviews with young professionals and employers in the Nairobi IT hub, focusing on their experiences and challenges related to technology integration and job creation. The findings underscore the importance of fostering an environment where young people can effectively integrate technology into their job creation and career development strategies. Policy-makers should invest more in training programmes that equip young professionals with skills aligned with technological advancements, thereby enhancing their employability within the IT hub.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Microfinance Programmes' Impact on Credit Access and Repayment Rates Among Microenterprise Owners in Kampala, Uganda
Microfinance programmes have been implemented in Uganda to support microenterprise owners by providing them with access to credit. However, there is limited understanding of their effectiveness on both credit access and repayment rates. The study employed a combination of qualitative interviews and quantitative survey data collection. Qualitative data were used to explore detailed experiences with credit access and repayment, while quantitative surveys provided metrics for assessing the impact of financial services on business performance. Qualitative analysis revealed themes such as difficulty in securing loans due to collateral requirements and inconsistent loan terms affecting microenterprise owners' ability to meet repayment obligations. Quantitative data showed that only 37% of surveyed entrepreneurs had fully repaid their loans within the study period, with repayment rates varying significantly across different types of loans. Microfinance programmes have significant challenges in ensuring timely and consistent credit access for microentrepreneurs in Kampala City, leading to suboptimal repayment performance. Policy makers should consider implementing more flexible loan terms and alternative forms of collateral suitable for microenterprise owners to enhance their financial stability.
Nutrition Education Programme Evaluation Among Adolescent Girls in Rural Southern Zambia
Nutrition insecurity remains a significant challenge for adolescent girls in rural southern Zambia, where inadequate dietary intake can lead to poor health outcomes and educational underperformance. The study employed semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with participants, community leaders, and educators. Data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes related to programme efficacy and sustainability. A significant proportion (85%) of participants reported improved dietary knowledge and practices over the nine-month intervention period. Themes emerged around sustained behavioural changes and community support for nutrition education initiatives. The findings indicate that a targeted nutrition education programme can significantly enhance adolescent girls' nutritional awareness and behaviors, with long-term positive impacts observed in their health and academic trajectories. Future programmes should emphasise community engagement, dietary diversification strategies, and continuous monitoring to ensure sustained improvements. Policy makers are encouraged to integrate these findings into national nutrition policies for rural areas.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Waste Sorting Programmes Among Senior High School Students in Johannesburg
Waste management in South Africa faces significant challenges, including inadequate waste sorting practices among school students. The study employed a comparative design, analysing data from three randomly selected senior high schools with varying levels of waste management education. Quantitative methods were used for data analysis. Senior high school students demonstrated significant improvement in understanding and practice of waste sorting after the programme implementation, with a 45% reduction in overall waste production and an average recycling rate increase to 20%. The study confirms that targeted educational interventions can lead to substantial improvements in waste management practices among young individuals. Schools should continue to implement comprehensive waste sorting programmes, incorporating regular assessments and community engagement initiatives to sustain positive outcomes. Waste Sorting, Senior High School Students, Johannesburg, Recycling Rates, Waste Production Reduction
Adoption of Organic Cotton Cultivation Practices in the Upper East Region of Ghana
Ghana’s Upper East Region is a significant cotton-producing area in West Africa. Organic cotton cultivation has been promoted to enhance sustainability and yield while reducing environmental impact. A survey was conducted involving 150 randomly selected cotton farmers in the Upper East Region. Data were collected through structured questionnaires assessing knowledge, practices, and yield outcomes. Among surveyed farmers, 68% reported significant increases in cotton yields after adopting organic farming methods, with an average increase of 25%. The adoption of organic cotton cultivation practices has led to notable yield enhancements among Upper East Region farmers. This study identifies critical factors such as education and financial support. Policy makers should provide subsidies for inputs and training programmes to encourage more farmers in the region to adopt organic farming methods. Organic Cotton, Yield Enhancement, Ghana, Upper East Region
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This study examines gender dynamics within Burundi's political transition from to , focusing on how power and influence are distributed among different gender groups. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from official election results with qualitative insights from interviews with political actors and civil society organizations. Women’s representation in parliament increased by 25% compared to the previous term, reflecting broader societal shifts towards gender equality. However, their influence within party structures remains limited, highlighting persistent barriers to full participation. The findings suggest that while Burundi has seen progress in women's political inclusion, deeper structural reforms are needed to ensure equitable representation and decision-making processes. Recommendations include strengthening gender quotas for political parties and promoting inclusive leadership training programmes aimed at reducing traditional patriarchal norms.
Digital banking initiatives in urban slums of Ethiopia have gained attention as a means to bridge financial inclusion gaps. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 120 participants from selected urban slums in Addis Ababa to gauge awareness, usage patterns, and perceived benefits of mobile banking services. Mobile banking adoption rates ranged between 45% to 68%, indicating a moderate level of acceptance among surveyed residents. Themes emerged around convenience, security concerns, and limited financial literacy as barriers to wider uptake. While initial uptake is promising, deeper engagement requires addressing socio-economic challenges such as financial education and infrastructure improvements in urban slums. DFIPs should integrate community-based training programmes on financial management and establish more secure payment systems to enhance user trust and participation.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Gender Parity in Primary Schools through Educator Training Programmes in Sierra Leone
In Sierra Leone, gender disparities persist in primary school enrollment rates, particularly affecting girls' attendance and retention. The study employed a mixed-methods approach involving surveys, interviews with educators, and observations in randomly selected primary schools across Sierra Leone. Educator training significantly increased the proportion of girls attending school from 45% to 60%, though dropout rates remained high for both genders overall. While initial improvements were observed, continued support and further targeted interventions are needed to sustain gender parity in Sierra Leone's primary education system. Investment should be directed towards expanding training programmes, addressing socio-cultural barriers, and implementing supportive policies.