Environmental justice movements have emerged in resource-rich African nations to address environmental degradation caused by extractive industries. A systematic review approach was employed to analyse peer-reviewed articles, books, and policy documents focusing on environmental justice in Burundi. The findings highlight the prevalence of resource extraction-related conflicts, underscoring the need for robust regulatory frameworks and community participation in decision-making processes. The reviewed literature underscores the importance of engaging local communities and improving governance to mitigate negative impacts of resource exploitation on environmental justice. Recommendations include strengthening legal protections against environmental damage, enhancing public awareness campaigns, and fostering collaborative approaches between stakeholders.