Sustainable agriculture practices are crucial for food security in resource-limited settings such as Mozambique's maize-cropping villages. The study utilised participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions among maize farmers in selected villages of Mozambique. Farmers reported a significant improvement (20% increase) in soil fertility after adopting conservation agriculture techniques, attributed to reduced tillage and increased organic matter incorporation. Conservation agriculture significantly enhances soil health and yields, demonstrating its potential as an effective strategy for sustainable maize farming in Mozambique’s rural landscapes. Government support should be directed towards training programmes that promote conservation agriculture among farmers, alongside policy incentives to facilitate adoption. Sustainable Agriculture, Conservation Farming, Soil Health, Maize Farmers, Mozambique