Eco-cultural dynamics in sustainable agroforestry practices are critical for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem resilience in forest communities of Cameroon. An ethnographic study involving participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions in six communities across Cameroon’s diverse ecosystems. Participants reported a significant preference for traditional agroforestry methods over modern agricultural techniques (85%), with notable themes of intergenerational knowledge transmission and sacred site protection. The study highlights the importance of integrating local cultural values into conservation strategies to sustainably manage Cameroon’s forests. Policy recommendations include fostering community-led initiatives that respect traditional practices while promoting sustainable development goals.