This article examines Gramsci's Hegemony and African Politics: Consent, Coercion, and Counter-Hegemonic Movements: The Role of Civil Society with a focused emphasis on Burkina Faso within the field of Sociology. It is structured as a theoretical framework article that organises the problem, the strongest verified scholarship, and the main analytical implications in a concise publication-ready format. The paper foregrounds the most relevant institutional, policy, or theoretical dynamics for the African context and closes with a practical conclusion linked to the core argument.