Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), a small landlocked country in southern Africa, has faced persistent governance challenges despite its economic growth and political stability. The study employs a critical historiographical approach, examining archival records, secondary data sources, and scholarly literature from various disciplines. Understanding the colonial legacy is crucial for comprehending present-day challenges in Eswatini's governance framework. Policy makers should incorporate historical context into contemporary policy-making processes to address entrenched social issues effectively.