Environmental Justice Movements (EJMs) in resource-rich African nations are gaining prominence as a response to environmental degradation and social inequalities exacerbated by extractive industries. The study employs a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with structured surveys of activists, policymakers, and community members. Data analysis includes thematic coding and content analysis. EJMs in Algeria exhibit significant mobilization around water scarcity issues, particularly affecting marginalized communities such as nomadic herders and urban squatters. Activists report high levels (≥70%) of collaboration with international NGOs but face bureaucratic hurdles in securing funding and legitimacy from local authorities. Despite challenges, Algerian EJMs demonstrate resilience and innovative strategies for engaging with governmental structures to advocate for environmental justice. Policy reforms are recommended to enhance the legal framework supporting community-based initiatives and facilitate more effective collaboration between EJM actors and government agencies.