Vol. 2011 No. 1 (2011)
Urban Healthcare Antibiotic Resistance Evaluation Over Two Years in Johannesburg, South Africa: Patient Outcomes
Abstract
This study evaluates antibiotic resistance levels in urban healthcare facilities within Johannesburg, South Africa. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from all patients treated at participating healthcare facilities. Antibiotic susceptibility testing followed the Kirby-Bauer method. Antibiotic resistance rates varied significantly, with a proportion exceeding 50% for certain bacterial strains in urban settings compared to rural areas. Urban healthcare environments contribute disproportionately to antibiotic-resistant bacteria, necessitating targeted interventions. Enhanced surveillance and infection control measures are recommended to mitigate the spread of antibiotic resistance. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
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