Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation of Community Health Centres in Tanzania Using Difference-in-Differences Analysis

Community health centres in Tanzania are pivotal for providing healthcare services to rural populations. Despite their importance, there is a need to evaluate their cost-effectiveness and operational efficiency. A difference-in-differences (DiD) model was applied to evaluate changes in healthcare service utilization and outcomes before and after the establishment of community health centres. Uncertainty in DiD estimates is accounted for through robust standard errors. Community health centres showed a significant increase in patient visits, with a 25% higher proportion compared to baseline levels, indicating improved access to care. The difference-in-differences model demonstrated the effectiveness of community health centres in enhancing healthcare service utilization and outcomes in rural areas of Tanzania. Further investment should be directed towards upgrading infrastructure and training staff to ensure sustained improvements in service delivery. Community Health Centres, Difference-in-Differences (DiD), Cost-Effectiveness, Healthcare Utilization Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.