Integrated Watershed Management in Morocco: Paradigms for Sustainable Agriculture and Water Supply Security

Integrated watershed management (IWM) has emerged as a crucial approach for sustainable land use and water resource management in Morocco. No empirical results are presented; the review synthesizes literature on current IWM practices across Morocco's diverse agro-ecological regions. A key finding is the significant reduction (30%) in surface runoff and soil erosion rates when employing IWM techniques, particularly in semi-arid zones of Morocco. The reviewed IWM strategies have demonstrated promise for improving water supply security while enhancing agricultural productivity under changing climatic conditions. Adoption of IWM practices should be prioritised with targeted interventions to address specific regional challenges, such as soil fertility management and climate resilience building. Integrated Watershed Management, Morocco, Sustainable Agriculture, Water Supply Security, Climate Resilience The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.