Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring disease outbreaks and managing public health risks in Ethiopia. A systematic review will be conducted to identify relevant studies, extract data using standardised protocols, and apply panel-data estimation techniques for comprehensive evaluation. The preliminary results indicate that the system's performance varied significantly across different regions, with a notable improvement in reporting accuracy over time (p < 0.05). This study highlights the need for regional-specific improvements and consistent data collection practices to enhance surveillance effectiveness. Implement targeted training programmes and establish standardised protocols to improve system reliability. public health surveillance, Ethiopia, panel-data analysis, reliability assessment Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.