Water Scarcity and Sustainable Management in the Nile Basin of Equatorial Guinea,

The Nile Basin of Equatorial Guinea is a region experiencing increasing water scarcity due to climate change impacts and unsustainable agricultural practices. A combination of remote sensing data analysis and participatory workshops with local stakeholders were used to evaluate existing water resources and management practices. Remote sensing indicated a decline in groundwater levels by approximately 10% over the last decade, highlighting the need for more sustainable irrigation methods. The study underscores the importance of integrated water resource planning that incorporates both technological and socio-economic solutions to address future water scarcity challenges. Implementing adaptive agricultural practices such as drip irrigation and promoting community-based water management initiatives are recommended strategies. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.