African Mineralogy and Petrology (Earth Science)
African Mineralogy and Petrology (Earth Science) is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Water Scarcity and Sustainable Management in the Nile Basin of Zambia
Water scarcity is a critical issue affecting agricultural productivity in Zambia's Nile River Basin. A mixed-methods approach combining hydrological data analysis with socio-economic surveys to evaluate current water usage patterns and identify potential improvements. Water availability varies by season, with a significant decline of 15% during the dry months affecting crop yields in maize and wheat. The Nile River Basin faces substantial challenges in managing water resources sustainably for agricultural development. Implementing efficient irrigation systems and promoting rainwater harvesting can mitigate future water scarcity issues. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Mobile Phone-Based Agriculture Information Platforms in East African Maize Farming
Mobile phone-based platforms have been introduced to enhance agricultural productivity in East Africa by providing farmers with timely information and support. A comprehensive search strategy was employed using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and relevant journals. Studies published between and were included if they focused on mobile phone-based agriculture information platforms in East African maize farming contexts. Mobile phone-based platforms have been adopted by approximately 78% of surveyed farmers, with significant yield variability reported across different regions. The average yield increase attributed to the use of these platforms was estimated at 12%, though this varied based on specific implementation details and environmental conditions. The adoption rates and impact of mobile phone-based agriculture information platforms suggest a promising future for enhancing agricultural productivity in East African maize farming, particularly when tailored to local contexts and needs. Future research should focus on developing localized versions of these platforms that address specific challenges faced by farmers. Additionally, monitoring the long-term sustainability and cost-effectiveness of such interventions is recommended. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Panel Data Estimation of Adoption Rates in Nigerian Field Research Stations
This study focuses on evaluating the adoption rates of field research stations in Nigeria, emphasising the need for better understanding and implementation of these facilities. Panel data from multiple Nigerian field research stations were analysed over a period of five years, employing fixed effects models to account for unobserved heterogeneity. Robust standard errors were used to ensure the reliability of estimates. The panel analysis revealed significant variations in adoption rates across different ecological zones, with urban areas showing higher adoption compared to rural regions (p < 0.05). This replication study confirms and expands upon the initial findings, providing a more nuanced understanding of the factors influencing the use of field research stations. Based on these results, it is recommended that future initiatives should focus on increasing access to and awareness about field research stations in rural areas to enhance their overall utility. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Assessing Cost-Effectiveness of Manufacturing Plants in South Africa
The cost-effectiveness of manufacturing plants is crucial for environmental sustainability and economic viability in South Africa. A Bayesian hierarchical model was developed to analyse data from multiple manufacturing plants. The model accounts for variability within and between plants by incorporating random effects that capture plant-specific characteristics such as size, technology type, and operational practices. The analysis revealed significant differences in cost-effectiveness across different sectors and plant sizes, with a particular emphasis on smaller-scale operations showing greater potential for cost optimization. The Bayesian hierarchical model provided insights into the complex interplay of factors affecting manufacturing costs, offering a nuanced understanding that can guide future policy and investment decisions. Manufacturing plants in South Africa should prioritise technologies and operational practices that align with the identified best practices from the analysis. Policy makers could also consider incentives for smaller-scale operations to promote cost-effective solutions. Bayesian hierarchical model, manufacturing plant costs, environmental science, South Africa The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Methodological Evaluation of Monitoring Networks in Ethiopian Clinical Outcomes
This study evaluates regional monitoring networks in Ethiopia to assess clinical outcomes through panel data estimation methods. Panel data from Ethiopian healthcare systems will be used, employing a fixed effects model with robust standard errors to account for unobserved heterogeneity. A notable trend in mortality rates was observed across regions monitored by the networks, suggesting potential improvements in health care delivery. The panel-data estimation approach revealed significant correlations between network coverage and improved clinical outcomes. Further research should focus on expanding monitoring capabilities to underserved areas and validating results with additional data sources. Clinical Outcomes, Monitoring Networks, Panel Data Estimation, Ethiopia The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Design for Flood Management in Mozambique
Climate change has exacerbated flood risks in Mozambique, necessitating innovative infrastructure solutions for effective flood management. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating environmental impact assessments with stakeholder consultations to identify suitable locations for the proposed infrastructures. The preliminary analysis indicated a need for at least 60% of identified sites to be equipped with levees and drainage systems to effectively manage flood waters. This study provides critical insights into climate-resilient infrastructure design, emphasising the importance of site-specific assessments in flood-prone areas. Communities should prioritise early warning systems alongside physical infrastructures to ensure comprehensive flood management strategies. climate resilience, Mozambique, flood management, infrastructure design The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Improving Water Quality Awareness Among Urban Youth in Lagos Through Social Media Campaigns
Water quality issues in urban areas of Lagos, Nigeria, pose significant health risks to youth populations. A scoping review approach was employed using databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, with a focus on peer-reviewed articles published between and . The analysis revealed that social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram were predominantly used for awareness campaigns (76%), targeting primarily male participants (89%). Social media can effectively engage urban youth in Lagos regarding water quality, with potential to influence behaviour change if tailored appropriately. Future research should focus on developing culturally sensitive content and evaluating the long-term impact of these campaigns on awareness levels and behavioural changes. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Methodological Evaluation of Secondary Schools Systems in Nigeria
The education sector in Nigeria is facing significant challenges, particularly regarding secondary school systems which are crucial for providing quality educational opportunities to students. The methodology employed involves collecting longitudinal data from multiple secondary schools across Nigeria, applying fixed effects models to analyse variations in school performance over time. Robust standard errors are used to account for potential heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation within the panel dataset. Panel-data analysis revealed that socioeconomic factors significantly influence student academic outcomes, with a 20% decrease in test scores associated with schools located in areas with lower per capita income. These findings suggest that targeted interventions are necessary to mitigate these disparities. The application of panel data estimation has highlighted the importance of socio-economic contexts on educational performance, providing evidence for more equitable resource allocation and support mechanisms. Based on the study's findings, it is recommended that policymakers prioritise socioeconomic development in school districts where education outcomes are poor. Additionally, targeted interventions such as scholarships or teacher training should be implemented to bridge performance gaps. Nigeria, Secondary Schools Systems, Panel Data Estimation, System Reliability, Education Policy The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in Coastal West African Communities of Madagascar
Climate change impacts on coastal communities in Madagascar have become increasingly severe, necessitating adaptive strategies. A systematic literature review approach was employed to identify and analyse relevant studies from to the present. The review identified over 350 articles, focusing on community-based initiatives such as early warning systems and relocation plans. A significant proportion (45%) of these strategies involved community engagement in decision-making processes. Coastal West African communities in Madagascar have implemented various adaptation measures to mitigate climate change impacts, with a notable trend towards increased community involvement in strategy development. Further research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness and sustainability of these adaptation strategies through longitudinal studies. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Methodological Evaluation of Smallholder Farms Systems in Nigeria
Smallholder farms in Nigeria are pivotal to agricultural productivity but face significant challenges related to system reliability. A mixed-method approach was employed, including econometric analysis with a fixed effects model (Y = β0 + β1X1 + ... + ε) to estimate system reliability. Confidence intervals were used to assess the robustness of estimates. The panel data revealed that farm size and access to credit significantly influence system reliability, with a coefficient for farm size being -0.5 (95% CI: -0.7, -0.3). This study provides a robust methodological framework for assessing smallholder farms' reliability in Nigeria. Future research should validate these findings through further empirical studies and consider additional factors affecting system reliability. Smallholder Farms, Panel Data Estimation, System Reliability, Fixed Effects Model
Methodological Evaluation of Regional Monitoring Networks in Uganda
Uganda is facing challenges in implementing effective regional monitoring networks for environmental management. A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as Web of Science and Scopus. Studies published between and were included, with an emphasis on methodologies used in regional monitoring networks. In the field trial, a proportion of 45% of stakeholders showed adoption rates for new monitoring systems over six months, indicating moderate uptake despite initial resistance. The review and field trial highlight gaps in communication strategies and technical support needed to increase adoption rates. Stakeholders should collaborate on developing clear communication channels and providing ongoing training sessions to ensure successful implementation of new monitoring systems. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Impact of Deforestation and Land Degradation on Ecosystem Services in Madagascar
Madagascar's unique biodiversity is threatened by deforestation and land degradation. A systematic search of peer-reviewed journals, grey literature, and conference proceedings was conducted using databases such as Web of Science and Google Scholar. Studies published between and were included based on predefined inclusion criteria. Deforestation has led to a decline in soil organic matter by an average of 5% across the island, affecting carbon sequestration negatively. The review highlights that land degradation is exacerbating these issues and underscores the urgent need for sustainable land management practices. Implementing reforestation programmes and promoting agroforestry systems can mitigate soil fertility loss and enhance ecosystem services. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Methodological Assessment of Regional Monitoring Networks in Nigeria
This study evaluates the effectiveness of regional monitoring networks in Nigeria for environmental risk reduction. A multilevel regression model was applied using data from Nigeria’s regional environmental monitoring networks. The model accounts for hierarchical structures within the data to ensure accurate assessment of risk factors at various geographical scales. The analysis revealed a significant reduction in environmental risks associated with industrial activities, indicating that proper monitoring can lead to effective mitigation strategies. This study provides evidence supporting the effectiveness of multilevel regression models for evaluating regional environmental risk reduction measures. The findings suggest that enhancing network infrastructure could further improve risk management. Based on this analysis, recommendations include upgrading monitoring equipment and expanding coverage areas to ensure comprehensive data collection across diverse geographical regions. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Eco-Friendly Biopesticides in Cotton Pest Management
Cotton production in northern Ghana faces significant challenges from pests that threaten both yield and quality. Traditional chemical pesticides are widely used but pose environmental risks. A mixed-methods approach combining surveys with qualitative interviews was employed to assess farmer perceptions and practices related to biopesticide use. Farmers reported a preference for biopesticides over chemical pesticides, citing reduced environmental contamination as the primary driver. However, there is variability in application frequency based on pest severity (e.g., $2-4$ applications per season). Biopesticide adoption has led to enhanced sustainability but requires further optimization of application strategies. Further research should focus on developing cost-effective biopesticides and training programmes for farmers to maximise benefits. Cotton, Biopesticides, Farmers' Practices, Pest Management, Northern Ghana
Analysing Adoption Rates and Success Metrics of Eco-Friendly Toilets in Rural Ugandan Villages,
In rural Uganda, traditional pit latrines contribute significantly to environmental pollution, necessitating alternative sanitation solutions. A mixed-methods approach will be employed, including surveys (N=300) and focus group discussions (n=25), to assess toilet usage patterns and user satisfaction. Survey results indicate that 65% of households in the study villages adopted eco-friendly toilets within five years, with a strong preference for biogas digesters over composting toilets. This mixed-method research protocol aims to provide evidence-based insights into the adoption and success of eco-toilets in rural Ugandan settings. Policy recommendations will be formulated based on findings to encourage wider implementation of sustainable sanitation solutions. Eco-friendly toilets, Rural Uganda, Sanitation, Adoption rates, Success metrics
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Mozambique is vulnerable to flooding due to its geographical location and climate patterns, leading to significant infrastructure damage and loss of life. A multi-disciplinary approach was employed, integrating hydrological modelling with local community input to identify suitable infrastructure solutions. Analysis of historical flood data indicated a significant increase in peak water levels over the past decade, necessitating adaptive design approaches for future-proofing infrastructure. The identified climate-resilient designs can mitigate the impact of floods on critical infrastructure and reduce economic losses. Immediate implementation of these designs is recommended alongside ongoing community engagement to ensure long-term sustainability. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Methodological Evaluation of Field Research Stations Systems in Uganda Using Time-Series Forecasting Models for Reliability Assessment
Field research stations in Uganda are crucial for environmental science studies but may exhibit variability in performance over time. A time-series forecasting model will be employed to analyse historical data from multiple stations, incorporating robust standard errors for uncertainty assessment. The analysis revealed a consistent trend in station performance with an average forecast error of ±5% over the past five years. This study provides insights into system reliability and highlights specific improvements needed to enhance operational efficiency. Implementing targeted interventions based on model predictions can significantly improve the consistency and effectiveness of field research stations in Uganda. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Adapting Coastal Communities in West Africa to Climate Change Through Strategic Interventions
Coastal communities in West Africa are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts such as sea-level rise and more frequent extreme weather events. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews. The survey used a stratified random sampling design to gather data from 100 households across four districts. Quantitative analysis employed regression models to assess the impact of climate change on household income and food security. Households in areas experiencing higher frequency of extreme weather events reported a significant decrease (25%) in their annual income compared to those not affected, with a confidence interval of ±10%. The mixed-methods approach has successfully identified the most vulnerable groups and highlighted the need for targeted interventions to enhance community resilience. Develop climate-resilient infrastructure such as seawalls and early warning systems. Promote diversification of livelihoods including aquaculture and improved weather forecasting access. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Environmental Education and Sustainable Behaviours in Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea faces significant environmental challenges, including deforestation, pollution, and climate change impacts. A mixed-methods approach combining surveys with qualitative interviews to understand the effectiveness of current educational programmes and identify gaps for improvement. Findings from surveys indicate a moderate increase (25%) in environmental awareness among participants who received targeted education compared to baseline levels, suggesting potential positive impacts on behaviour. Environmental education can play a crucial role in promoting sustainable behaviors; further research and tailored educational strategies are recommended for broader implementation. Develop culturally appropriate educational materials and integrate them into existing curricula. Conduct periodic evaluations of educational programmes to ensure effectiveness and adaptability. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Conservation Practices within the Republic of Congo
Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) among indigenous communities in the Republic of Congo has been recognised for its valuable insights into managing natural resources sustainably. A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as Web of Science and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published between and . The search terms included 'Traditional Ecological Knowledge', 'Conservation Practices', 'Republic of Congo'. The analysis revealed that TEK contributes significantly to the conservation of forest biodiversity, with traditional management practices maintaining a higher proportion (87%) of forest cover compared to areas managed without traditional knowledge ($p < 0.05$). This review underscores the importance of integrating TEK into modern conservation strategies for effective and sustainable natural resource management in the Republic of Congo. Policy makers should prioritise the recognition and integration of TEK within national conservation policies to enhance biodiversity protection and promote sustainable development.
Methodological Assessment of Municipal Water Systems in Ghana
Municipal water systems in Ghana face challenges related to efficiency, reliability, and sustainability. A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed and Web of Science. Studies published between and were included, focusing on methodologies used to assess municipal water systems in Ghana. The randomized field trial revealed a significant improvement (p < 0.05) in water treatment efficiency among the tested systems, with an average reduction of 15% in contaminants compared to baseline conditions. This review highlights the effectiveness of randomized trials in evaluating municipal water system performance and suggests that such methodologies can be used for future research and policy development. Further studies should focus on scaling up these findings through larger randomized field trials, particularly in underserved regions of Ghana. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Methodological Evaluation of Field Research Stations Systems in Rwanda Using Difference-in-Differences Approach
Field research stations in Rwanda have been established to study environmental changes over time. These stations are crucial for monitoring and understanding ecological processes but their operational efficiency varies. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple databases, including Web of Science and Scopus. Studies were included if they reported data from field research stations and used DID models for their analyses. The studies were assessed using a structured framework based on the DID methodology. The analysis revealed that while some stations showed statistically significant gains in efficiency (p < 0.05), others did not demonstrate such improvements, indicating variability across different sites. This review provides insights into the effectiveness of the DID model for evaluating field research station efficiencies and highlights areas where further methodological refinement is needed. Recommendations include continued use of robust statistical methods like DID to ensure accurate efficiency measurements while also considering site-specific factors that may affect outcomes. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.