Desertification in the Tanzanian Sahel has led to significant land degradation, necessitating sustainable management strategies. A comprehensive analysis of SLM initiatives including soil conservation, reforestation, and agroforestry was conducted using a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data on vegetation cover and soil quality. Soil erosion rates decreased by 25% in areas implementing SL methods compared to non-SL regions (p < 0.01). Sustainable land management significantly reduced desertification indicators, highlighting the importance of integrated SLM practices. Promote government and community-led initiatives for widespread adoption of sustainable land management strategies. desertification, SL methods, reforestation, soil conservation The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.