Community-based forest conservation programmes (CBFCPs) have been implemented in Cameroon's Southern Highlands to protect biodiversity and maintain ecosystem services. A longitudinal analysis was conducted using survey data collected from to . The study employed multivariate regression models to analyse the impact of CBFCPs on species richness and forest cover changes. Community participation significantly increased forest cover by 5% over the decade, with a mean biodiversity index score that rose from 78 to 84 out of 100. CBFCPs have been effective in preserving biodiversity in Cameroon's Southern Highlands. Specific community practices such as selective logging and agroforestry initiatives are key drivers of species richness. Continue supporting CBFCPs with resources to enhance their effectiveness, especially in remote areas where traditional forest management is less prevalent. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.