Biodiversity conservation in Kenyan protected areas has been a focus of research and policy since the early 2000s. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, JSTOR, and the African Journal Online (AJOL), with a focus on articles published between and . The review utilised thematic analysis to synthesize findings from these sources. The synthesis revealed that approximately 75% of protected areas faced financial constraints, with only about 40% receiving adequate funding for conservation efforts. Community engagement was found to be a significant challenge, with less than half of the reviewed studies reporting successful community-based management initiatives. Despite these challenges, there is evidence suggesting that collaborative approaches involving local communities can enhance biodiversity conservation outcomes in Kenyan protected areas. Enhanced funding mechanisms and more robust community engagement strategies are recommended to improve biodiversity conservation efforts in Kenya’s protected areas. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.