Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) in Botswana has been implemented since as a strategy to improve wildlife conservation and community welfare. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with community members and stakeholders, supplemented by government reports and academic literature. Analysis focused on qualitative thematic content and quantitative trends over time. Interviews revealed a significant increase in wildlife sightings (90%) among communities participating in CBNRM programmes compared to non-participating areas (50%), indicating an effective conservation strategy. CBNRM has contributed positively to biodiversity preservation and local livelihood improvements, though challenges such as resource mismanagement persist. Enhanced community engagement and policy support are recommended for sustained success. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.