The Dynamics of Biomass Utilization and Transition Strategies in Kenyan Energy Systems

Kenya’s energy sector is transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable sources, with traditional biomass playing a significant role in rural areas. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 50 farmers and local policymakers across five regions. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Biomass use varied by region, with a notable shift towards more efficient cooking stoves (75% of respondents) aimed at reducing indoor air pollution. Traditional biomass remains crucial in rural energy systems despite growing renewable alternatives. Investment should focus on promoting cleaner and more efficient biomass technologies to align with sustainable development goals. Biomass, Energy transition, Rural Kenya The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.