Theoretical Foundations underpinning Oil and Gas Extraction's Impact on Marine and Coastal Environments in Angola: A Tripartite Analytical Framework

Oil and gas extraction in Angola's marine and coastal environments has led to significant environmental impacts. Theoretical models will be used for analysis. Effective environmental management practices are essential to mitigate adverse effects on coastal communities and ecosystems. Implementing comprehensive monitoring programmes and stakeholder engagement is recommended to ensure sustainable operations in Angola's oil and gas sector. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.