Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health concern in Kenya, particularly at primary healthcare facilities where patients often present with infections requiring antibiotic treatment. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative data collection through standardised AMR testing protocols and qualitative interviews with facility staff to assess system implementation and impact. During the study period, there was an observed increase in resistance rates from 25% to 35%, particularly among Escherichia coli strains. Staff reported challenges related to resource availability and training gaps. The surveillance system showed mixed effectiveness; while it improved data collection, staff perceptions indicated areas for improvement regarding resource allocation and professional development. Investment in resources such as laboratory facilities and strengthening training programmes are recommended to enhance the surveillance system's efficacy and sustainability. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.