Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Tanzania Using Quasi-Experimental Design

Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring disease outbreaks and managing public health risks in developing countries like Tanzania. A meta-analysis approach was employed, integrating data from multiple studies conducted within Tanzania. Quasi-experimental designs were utilised to measure adoption rates without randomization. Adoption rates varied significantly across different regions of Tanzania, with urban areas showing higher adoption compared to rural areas (85% vs. 60%). The analysis highlights the importance of tailored strategies for promoting public health surveillance systems in underserved regions. Investment should be targeted towards improving infrastructure and training in remote areas to enhance system effectiveness. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.