A Qualitative Exploration of Telemedicine Follow-up and Readmission Rates for Complex Colorectal Surgery in Rural Oromia, Ethiopia

Patients undergoing complex colorectal surgery in rural Ethiopia face significant challenges accessing post-operative follow-up care, which contributes to high readmission rates. The vast geography and limited specialist services of the Oromia Region exacerbate this problem. This study explored the perceived impact of a telemedicine follow-up programme on readmission rates for complex colorectal surgery patients in rural Oromia. It also sought to understand the experiences of both patients and healthcare providers using this service. A qualitative, descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews. A purposive sample of 18 participants was recruited, comprising patients who had undergone complex colorectal surgery and received telemedicine follow-up, their family caregivers, and surgical healthcare providers. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Three primary themes emerged: enhanced accessibility and continuity of care; early detection of complications; and logistical and technological barriers. Participants perceived the intervention as crucial for reducing avoidable readmissions, with many describing it as a vital support. However, inconsistent network connectivity was a universal and significant barrier. Telemedicine follow-up is perceived as a valuable and feasible strategy to improve post-operative care and potentially reduce readmissions in this resource-constrained, rural setting. It addresses critical gaps in access but remains dependent on supportive infrastructure. Integrate telemedicine protocols into national surgical care pathways. Invest in improving digital connectivity within rural health facilities. Provide targeted training for clinicians on remote consultation skills and for patients on using the technology. Telemedicine, Colorectal Surgery, Postoperative Care, Readmission, Rural Health, Ethiopia, Qualitative Research This study provides insights into the implementation and perceived value of telemedicine for surgical follow-up in a low-resource, rural African setting, highlighting both its potential and its practical challenges.