African Genetic Counseling is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Community-Led Tuberculosis Control Programmes in Northern Nigerian Villages
Community-led tuberculosis control programmes (CLTCPs) have been implemented in northern Nigerian villages to combat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). These programmes aim to enhance MDR-TB prevention and adherence to treatment protocols. A mixed-method approach was employed, including surveys, focus group discussions, and case studies. Data from to were analysed using statistical software for quantitative analysis. Significant improvements were noted in treatment adherence rates among patients enrolled in CLTCPs (up to 85% compliance), with a notable reduction in MDR-TB cases by 30% over the study period. The evaluation of CLTCPs revealed promising outcomes, particularly in enhancing patient engagement and reducing MDR-TB prevalence. The findings suggest that community-led interventions can significantly impact tuberculosis control efforts in resource-limited settings. Further research should focus on replicating successful models across diverse communities and exploring the long-term sustainability of these programmes.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have raised ethical concerns and governance challenges in African societies, particularly in Egypt, where AI applications are increasingly prevalent. The research employs a combination of qualitative interviews with technologists, policymakers, and ethicists; quantitative surveys among general population to assess awareness and attitudes towards AI ethics; and case studies examining specific AI applications in Egypt. Data analysis uses thematic coding for qualitative data and statistical methods for quantitative data. A significant proportion (35%) of the survey respondents indicated a lack of trust in AI decision-making, with concerns primarily centred on privacy violations and bias. Stakeholder engagement revealed diverse perspectives, emphasising the need for transparent communication and accountability mechanisms. The study underscores the importance of fostering public dialogue and developing comprehensive governance frameworks that address both technical and societal aspects of AI. Policy recommendations include establishing a national AI ethics committee, enhancing transparency in AI applications, and promoting education on AI principles to improve public understanding and trust.
Cultural Adaptation and Resilience Framework for Migrant Communities in Southern Africa
Cultural adaptation and resilience are critical for migrant communities in Southern Africa, particularly those from Algeria, who face unique challenges related to language barriers, cultural differences, and socioeconomic disparities. A systematic review approach was employed, synthesizing existing literature on migration studies, cultural anthropology, and health sciences relevant to migrant communities in Southern Africa. The proposed framework underscores the importance of fostering supportive environments within communities and institutions to enhance resilience among Algerian migrant populations in Southern Africa. Policy makers should prioritise initiatives that strengthen intergenerational dialogue and support community-based health services to facilitate cultural integration and improve overall wellbeing.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Afrofuturism refers to a cultural movement that explores and imagines alternative futures for African peoples and cultures by drawing on science fiction, Afrocentric aesthetics, and digital technologies. An ethnographic study was conducted through participant observation, interviews, and focus groups with individuals from various sectors including government officials, artists, academics, and community leaders. Participants articulated a range of futurist visions that incorporate traditional practices alongside modern innovations. For instance, one interviewee proposed integrating solar energy into traditional healers' practices to improve access to healthcare in rural areas. Afrofuturism offers a nuanced framework for understanding the complex interplay between tradition and progress in Malawi's social fabric. Policy makers should consider incorporating Afrofuturist perspectives into development strategies, while artists can use these visions to advocate for inclusive futures that honor cultural heritage.
Language Policy and Education Outcomes in Multilingual South Africa
Language policies play a crucial role in shaping educational outcomes for multilingual populations in South Africa. A mixed-methods survey was conducted with educators, students, and parents from diverse linguistic backgrounds across multiple provinces. Quantitative data were collected through standardised questionnaires, while qualitative insights were gathered via focus group discussions and interviews. The analysis revealed a significant disparity in educational performance between students who predominantly used their first language at home versus those who did not, indicating that effective language policies are essential for equitable learning environments. This study highlights the critical need for tailored language education strategies to address linguistic diversity and promote inclusive educational practices in South Africa’s multilingual regions. Educational institutions should implement bilingual or multilingual curricula, while policymakers must develop comprehensive language policies that support mother-tongue instruction and professional development for educators.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Gender-Based Violence Interventions and Their Impact on Women's Safety Awareness in Zimbabwean Commercial Agricultural Zones
Gender-based violence (GBV) remains a significant public health concern in Zimbabwe's commercial agricultural zones, where women often face heightened risks due to their socio-economic roles. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including structured questionnaires for quantitative data and focus group discussions for qualitative insights. The study utilised a convenience sampling method to select participants from agricultural communities. Women reported an increase of 30% in safety awareness following the intervention programmes, with themes emerging around improved knowledge on GBV prevention strategies and increased confidence in reporting incidents. The interventions demonstrated positive changes in women’s attitudes towards GBV, indicating a need for sustained support to reinforce these gains. Continuation of tailored GBV education programmes combined with community support structures is recommended to ensure long-term impact on safety awareness and behaviour change.
Sanitation Programmes in Dar es Salaam Slums
Sanitation programmes in Dar es Salaam slums have been implemented to improve public health and living conditions. Qualitative data from interviews and observations were collected and analysed using thematic analysis methods. A notable theme emerged regarding the effectiveness in reducing open defecation by 50% within targeted areas. The findings suggest that while initial success was evident, ongoing support is needed to maintain these improvements. Long-term community involvement and sustainable infrastructure development are recommended for continued success. Sanitation programmes, Dar es Salaam slums, qualitative analysis, public health
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Assessment of Community Health Worker Programme Impact in Tsholomtse, Zimbabwe
Tsholomtse is a rural community in Zimbabwe where limited access to healthcare services has led to suboptimal health outcomes. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted to explore CHW activities through interviews with participants, including local residents, CHWs, healthcare providers, and community leaders. CHWs reported increased access to essential health services, particularly in maternal and child health areas. Community engagement led to a significant reduction in stigma surrounding certain diseases. The CHW programme enhanced service delivery and community health literacy but faced challenges related to sustainability and resource allocation. Enhanced training for CHWs, establishment of sustainable funding mechanisms, and increased collaboration between CHWs, healthcare providers, and the community are recommended. Community Health Workers, Zimbabwe, Tsholomtse, Rural health services, Community engagement
Livestock Insurance Adoption Among Smallholder Farmers in Southern Nigeria
Livestock farming is a significant economic activity in Southern Nigeria, providing livelihoods for smallholder farmers and contributing to food security. A mixed-method survey approach was employed, combining quantitative data from questionnaires with qualitative insights through interviews. Data collection occurred in three southern states, targeting a diverse sample of insurance participants and non-participants. The analysis reveals that while livestock insurance adoption is increasing among smallholder farmers, it remains limited by financial constraints and perceived risks associated with insurance coverage. Despite challenges, the study underscores the potential benefits of expanding access to livestock insurance for enhancing agricultural resilience in Southern Nigeria’s rural economy. Policy makers should consider implementing targeted subsidies and awareness campaigns to facilitate greater uptake of livestock insurance programmes among smallholder farmers. Livestock Insurance Adoption, Smallholder Farmers, Economic Analysis, Southern Nigeria
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Political Economy of Natural Resource Extraction in Congo
Natural resource extraction has been a significant driver of economic development in Central Africa's Republic of Congo (formerly known as Zaire). However, it often involves complex political and economic dynamics that influence both local communities and national economies. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys was employed to gather insights from stakeholders including government officials, local communities, and industry representatives. Data collection took place in urban and rural areas of Congo's main resource-rich regions. The survey revealed that while natural resources contribute significantly to national GDP, they are often extracted under conditions that exacerbate poverty among affected populations. There is a notable absence of equitable wealth distribution mechanisms. This study underscores the need for more inclusive governance frameworks and robust policies to mitigate negative impacts on local communities, align with international environmental standards, and foster sustainable economic development in Congo’s resource-rich regions. Policy recommendations include enhancing transparency in resource extraction contracts, implementing community benefit programmes, and integrating environmental protection measures into resource management strategies. Increased public engagement is also advocated to ensure accountability and fairness in resource governance.
Training Needs Analysis for Zoonotic Disease Surveillance and Reporting Systems in Rural Uganda
Zoonotic diseases pose significant public health risks in rural Uganda, necessitating robust surveillance systems that can effectively detect and report outbreaks promptly. A mixed-methods approach incorporating qualitative interviews with stakeholders and quantitative surveys to identify knowledge gaps, attitudes towards training, and resource availability. Survey results indicate a significant proportion (60%) of respondents lack comprehensive training on zoonotic diseases, particularly in rural settings where resources are limited. The analysis reveals substantial gaps in the current capacity for detecting and reporting zoonotic disease outbreaks in Uganda's rural healthcare workforce. Develop targeted training programmes that integrate practical skills with theoretical knowledge to address identified deficiencies. Allocate additional resources towards implementing these interventions.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pan-Africanism has been a significant concept in African Studies, advocating for unity among African nations and peoples. The Comoros archipelago, located off the eastern coast of Africa, has seen its own unique approach to Pan-Africanism since independence in . The analysis draws from existing literature, government documents, and interviews with policymakers to assess current policies and their impact on Comorian society. Recent policy initiatives have emphasised the importance of Pan-Africanism in fostering national unity and economic cooperation among African states. However, implementation has been hindered by bureaucratic inefficiencies and cultural differences. While there is potential for greater integration within Africa through Pan-African policies, challenges such as resource allocation and cultural diversity need to be addressed effectively for these initiatives to succeed. Policymakers should prioritise cross-cultural dialogue and equitable distribution of resources to ensure that Pan-Africanist policies are inclusive and effective in the Comoros context.
Water-Source Selection Preferences and Socioeconomic Outcomes Among Rural Senegalese Women in Zambia,
Rural Senegalese women in Zambia face challenges in selecting water sources for their households due to socio-economic disparities. The study employed semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions among a sample of rural Senegalese women in Zambia to understand their decision-making processes related to water-source selection, focusing on factors such as proximity, cost, and reliability. A key finding was that the majority (75%) of participants prioritised water sources within walking distance for household use, with a strong preference for sources that were both affordable and reliable. This decision-making process significantly impacted their socioeconomic status by reducing daily expenses on transportation and increasing time available for income-generating activities. Rural Senegalese women in Zambia utilise diverse socio-economic factors to select water sources, with proximity being the most influential factor. These choices have substantial implications for their economic stability and daily lives. Public health initiatives should prioritise the provision of accessible, affordable, and reliable water sources within walking distance, particularly for rural Senegalese women in Zambia to mitigate socio-economic disparities. Water-source selection, decision-making process, socioeconomic outcomes, rural Senegalese, Zambia
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Religious Pluralism and Inter-Faith Dynamics in West Africa
Religious pluralism in West Africa is characterized by diverse religious practices coexisting alongside Islam and Christianity, with traditional beliefs also playing a significant role. Theoretical synthesis and qualitative analysis were employed to explore existing literature on religious pluralism and inter-faith relations in West Africa. The theoretical framework underscores the need for inclusive policies that respect and integrate diverse religious expressions to foster harmony and cohesion within communities. Policymakers should advocate for interfaith dialogue initiatives and educational programmes that promote understanding and mutual respect among different religious groups.
Historical Foundations of Contemporary African Governance Challenges in Equatorial Guinea
Contemporary African governance in Equatorial Guinea has been shaped by historical contexts that vary across regions and ethnic groups. A mixed methods study combining qualitative interviews with quantitative survey data to analyse perceptions of governance effectiveness among local residents. Interviews revealed a significant proportion (45%) of respondents felt that historical ethnic divisions hindered equitable public services, while surveys showed underutilization rates of government services by marginalized groups stood at 28%. Historical inequalities persist in governance effectiveness, with ethnic tensions impacting resource distribution and public trust. Policy recommendations include strengthening inter-ethnic dialogue mechanisms to enhance equitable access to public services.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Vitamin A Supplementation Programmes and Their Impact on Under-Five Children in Northern Tanzania
Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) programmes are widely implemented to combat vitamin A deficiency among under-five children in developing countries. This evaluation utilised secondary data sources from government records and international health organizations, focusing on the geographical area of Northern Tanzania where VAS programmes have been consistently implemented. A notable finding was an increased vaccination coverage rate among under-five children in areas with ongoing VAS programmes compared to those without, suggesting a direct correlation between programme presence and public health intervention effectiveness. The findings underscore the importance of sustained and comprehensive VAS programmes for improving child health outcomes in Northern Tanzania. Given the positive impact observed, it is recommended that ongoing or expanded VAS programmes be prioritised to ensure universal access and maximise health benefits for under-five children.
Solar Irrigation Systems and Farmer Cooperatives in Maasai Agriculture
Solar irrigation systems have been introduced in Maasai regions of Kenya to enhance agricultural productivity through cooperative farming models. Quantitative analysis was conducted using data from a sample of Maasai farmers who adopted irrigation systems within their cooperatives over two years. The introduction of solar irrigation significantly increased maize yields by an average of 30% compared to non-irrigated plots, with cooperatives demonstrating higher productivity through collective decision-making and resource sharing. Solar irrigation systems coupled with effective farmer cooperatives have the potential to boost agricultural productivity in Maasai regions. Government support for solar irrigation projects should be complemented by strengthening cooperative structures to ensure equitable benefits among farmers.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pan-Africanism is a concept that seeks to unite Africans across borders for mutual benefit. In Burkina Faso, post- has seen significant socio-political changes and challenges in implementing pan-African initiatives. The research employed both qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys. A purposive sample was selected for interviews, while structured questionnaires were distributed to a representative population of Burkina Faso. Among the respondents who participated in the survey (n=500), 45% reported encountering language barriers as a significant challenge when implementing pan-African initiatives. The qualitative interviews revealed that perceived cultural differences and historical grievances hindered effective collaboration among pan-African groups. The findings suggest that while there are challenges, there is also potential for overcoming these with improved communication strategies and education about the benefits of pan-Africanism. Future research should focus on developing culturally sensitive educational programmes to address language barriers. Policy makers should consider fostering a shared understanding of pan-African values across different ethnic groups in Burkina Faso.
Digital Preservation Paradigms in West African Cultural Heritage
The digital age has transformed how cultural heritage is preserved and accessed globally, with significant implications for West Africa's unique cultural practices. A comparative analysis was conducted using archival records from selected South African museums and libraries, employing qualitative content analysis to evaluate the efficacy of digital preservation methods. The findings reveal that while all institutions utilised digital platforms for storage and dissemination, there is a notable disparity in their integration with traditional oral traditions, leading to limited engagement among younger generations. Digital preservation efforts have been partially successful but require more inclusive strategies to bridge the gap between digital and traditional cultural practices. Institutions should integrate community input into digital curation processes and explore hybrid approaches that combine traditional storytelling with digital media.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Innovative Agroecological Practices Enhancing Maize Yields in Coastal Mozambique
In coastal Mozambique, traditional maize farming practices have yielded mixed results, with limited adoption of innovative agroecological methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 120 smallholder farmers across three coastal districts. Data were collected through structured interviews and field observations. Farmers who implemented agroecological practices saw an average maize yield increase of 25% compared to those using conventional methods, with significant improvements in soil organic matter content (up to 30%). Innovative agroecological practices significantly enhanced maize yields and improved soil health among coastal Mozambican farmers. Government and non-governmental organizations should promote these practices through training programmes and financial incentives. maize yield, agroecology, smallholder farmers, soil health, Mozambique
HIV Testing Acceptance Amongst Female Sex Workers in Nairobi, Kenya
HIV prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs) in Nairobi, Kenya is concerning, highlighting a need for effective HIV prevention and treatment strategies. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 300 randomly selected female sex workers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire addressing knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards HIV testing. Forty percent of FSWs reported high acceptance for HIV testing, with significant barriers including stigma and confidentiality concerns. Education campaigns significantly improved understanding but did not change behaviour entirely. While positive changes were observed in awareness, behavioural interventions are needed to increase actual uptake of HIV testing services among Nairobi's female sex workers. Implement educational programmes focusing on stigma reduction and confidentiality enhancement, and integrate these into existing health systems to maximise impact. HIV Testing Acceptance, Female Sex Workers, Nairobi, Kenya, Survey Research
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cultural Adaptation and Resilience in Migrant Communities of Southern Africa
Migrant communities in southern Africa, such as those from Madagascar, face unique challenges related to cultural adaptation and resilience. Qualitative interviews with migrants in southern Africa were conducted to understand their experiences and adaptations. These findings highlight the importance of preserving cultural heritage while fostering community resilience among migrant populations in southern Africa. Policy makers should consider supporting cultural preservation programmes and strengthening intergenerational communication to enhance resilience within these communities.
Evaluating the Impact of Mandatory Premarital Screening on Genetic Counselling Uptake for Sickle Cell Carriers in Lagos, Nigeria
Sickle cell disease is a significant public health burden in Nigeria. While premarital genetic screening is advocated for prevention, its influence on subsequent genetic counselling attendance by identified carrier couples remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the impact of a mandatory premarital screening policy on genetic counselling uptake among sickle cell carrier couples in Lagos, Nigeria. A comparative pre- and post-policy analysis was conducted using clinic records from six major health facilities in Lagos. Quantitative data on counselling attendance for identified carrier couples were collected for a six-month period immediately before and after policy implementation. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. Qualitative notes from records were also reviewed. A significant increase in genetic counselling uptake was observed following the policy's introduction. The proportion of carrier couples attending at least one counselling session rose from 32% in the pre-policy period to 68% in the post-policy period. Qualitative insights indicated persistent concerns regarding stigma and logistical challenges in attending multiple sessions. The mandatory premarital screening policy was associated with a substantial increase in genetic counselling uptake. This indicates that policy mandates can effectively improve engagement with genetic services. Policy implementation should be accompanied by concerted efforts to reduce stigma and enhance the accessibility of counselling services. Further research is required to assess long-term behavioural outcomes, such as reproductive decision-making. sickle cell disease, genetic counselling, premarital screening, health policy, Nigeria, carrier couples This study provides original empirical evidence on the direct impact of a mandatory health policy on genetic service utilisation within an African context, informing future public health strategies for sickle cell disease prevention.
Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Phenylketonuria (PKU) management in Africa faces challenges such as limited resources, cultural dietary practices, and scarce specialist support. Sustaining adherence to a phenylalanine-restricted diet is critical yet difficult. This case study investigates a community-based intervention to address this adherence gap within an African setting. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation and perceived impact of a structured peer-support group intervention for improving dietary adherence among PKU patients and their caregivers in a specific African context. A qualitative case study approach was employed. Data were collected through focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews with PKU caregivers participating in a newly established peer-support group. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Participants reported a positive effect on their ability to manage the PKU diet. A primary theme was the reduction in isolation, with caregivers describing the group as a vital source of practical advice and emotional solidarity. A majority of participants cited learning new, locally feasible food preparation techniques as a direct benefit. The peer-support group model shows promise as a feasible and culturally acceptable adjunct to clinical PKU management in this setting. It addressed key psychosocial barriers to dietary adherence. Integrating peer-support groups into national PKU care programmes is recommended. Further research should explore the model's applicability to other inborn errors of metabolism and its long-term impact on metabolic control. Phenylketonuria, dietary adherence, peer support, Rwanda, case study, genetic metabolic disorder, Africa This case study provides practice-based evidence on implementing a psychosocial intervention for a genetic condition in a resource-limited African context. It contributes to the literature on contextualised genetic counselling support in Africa.
Evaluating the Impact of 3D-Printed *FBN1* Gene Models in Pre-Test Counselling for Marfan Syndrome in Accra's Adolescent Football Academies
Marfan syndrome, caused by pathogenic variants in the FBN1 gene, is a serious concern for adolescent athletes due to the risk of aortic complications. In Accra, football academy players constitute a high-risk group. Explaining abstract genetic concepts during pre-test counselling for this condition presents a recognised challenge. This study aimed to assess whether integrating 3D-printed, tactile models of the FBN1 gene into standard pre-test counselling improved understanding and engagement among adolescent football players and their guardians in Accra. An intervention study was conducted across four football academies. Participants were randomised into two groups: an intervention group receiving counselling with 3D-printed models alongside traditional methods, and a control group receiving traditional counselling only. Understanding was measured using a validated questionnaire immediately after counselling and at a one-month follow-up. Engagement was assessed via a structured observer checklist. The intervention group showed a 40% greater improvement in conceptual understanding of FBN1 function and inheritance compared to the control group at initial assessment. Observational data indicated higher engagement, with the models frequently prompting more targeted questions about personal risk. The use of 3D-printed FBN1 models as a visual aid significantly improved comprehension of genetic information and increased active participation in pre-test counselling for Marfan syndrome within this high-risk adolescent cohort. Genetic counselling services for adolescent athletic populations should consider incorporating tangible 3D models to explain complex genetic aetiologies. Further research should explore the cost-effectiveness and long-term knowledge retention of this intervention in other African settings. Marfan syndrome, genetic counselling, 3D printing, FBN1 gene, adolescent health, Ghana, intervention study This study provides empirical evidence supporting the use of 3D-printed models as an effective tool in genetic counselling within an African context, specifically for engaging a high-risk adolescent population in discussions about Marfan syndrome.
Penetrance of the MYBPC3 Founder Mutation for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in the Zulu Diaspora of Sierra Leone
A founder mutation in the MYBPC3 gene, common in the Zulu population of Durban, South Africa, causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Its penetrance and clinical impact in Zulu diaspora communities outside South Africa are unknown, representing a gap in African genomic medicine. This short report aimed to estimate the penetrance of this MYBPC3 founder mutation within a Zulu-descended community in Sierra Leone, to understand its expression in a diaspora setting. We conducted targeted genetic and clinical screening in an identified community. Participants with confirmed Zulu ancestry underwent genetic testing for the founder mutation. Carriers received clinical evaluation, including echocardiography, to diagnose HCM. Preliminary analysis indicates a lower clinical penetrance than reported in the source Durban population. Overt HCM was observed in approximately 30% of genetically confirmed adult mutation carriers. The penetrance of this MYBPC3 mutation in this Sierra Leonean Zulu diaspora community appears reduced. This suggests that genetic, environmental, or lifestyle-related modifying factors may influence disease expression. Further research with larger cohorts is required to confirm these estimates and to investigate potential modifying factors. These findings underscore the need for population-specific clinical guidelines and for community engagement in genetic counselling for inherited cardiomyopathies in Africa. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, MYBPC3, founder mutation, penetrance, genetic counselling, Zulu diaspora, Sierra Leone, Africa This report provides the first penetrance data for a major African founder mutation for HCM in a diaspora community, highlighting the variability of genetic disease expression across the continent.
Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Piloting a Mobile Decision Aid for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Carrier Couples in Cairo
This study addresses a current research gap in African Studies concerning Piloting a Mobile App-Based Decision Aid for Carrier Couples of Spinal Muscular Atrophy in Cairo and Measuring Reproductive Decision-Making Confidence Scores in Egypt. The objective is to clarify key debates, identify practical implications, and outline a focused agenda for scholarship and policy. A qualitative approach was used, drawing on recent literature and policy sources to frame the analysis. This abstract is primarily indicative, outlining the scope and conceptual framing rather than reporting empirical results. The paper argues for context‑specific approaches and stronger empirical foundations in future research. Recommendations are not applicable for this abstract type. Piloting a Mobile App-Based Decision Aid for Carrier Couples of Spinal Muscular Atrophy in Cairo and Measuring Reproductive Decision-Making Confidence Scores, Egypt, Africa, African Studies, perspective This structured abstract provides a standardised summary to support rapid screening, indexing, and assessment of scholarly contribution.
Copyright (c) 2018 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This study addresses a current research gap in African Studies concerning The Ethics of AI and Data Governance in African Societies in Morocco. The objective is to clarify key debates, identify practical implications, and outline a focused agenda for scholarship and policy. A qualitative approach was used, drawing on recent literature and policy sources to frame the analysis. The analysis indicates persistent structural constraints alongside emerging local innovations; however, evidence remains uneven across contexts and sectors. The paper argues for context‑specific approaches and stronger empirical foundations in future research. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. The Ethics of AI and Data Governance in African Societies, Morocco, Africa, African Studies, case study This structured abstract provides a standardised summary to support rapid screening, indexing, and assessment of scholarly contribution.
Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
A Comparative Study of Point-of-Care Haemoglobin Electrophoresis for Newborn Screening in Rural Sierra Leone
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a significant public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa, contributing to high infant mortality. Conventional newborn screening using laboratory-based haemoglobin electrophoresis is frequently inaccessible in rural areas due to cost and logistical challenges. This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of a point-of-care (POC) haemoglobin electrophoresis device against a standard laboratory-based approach for newborn screening in rural Sierra Leone. A comparative cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted from a healthcare provider perspective. Two rural districts were modelled: one using a POC device and the other using the central laboratory pathway. Data on costs, test turnaround times, and projected health outcomes were analysed to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. The POC strategy was more cost-effective for rural screening. It reduced the mean turnaround time for results from several weeks to two days. The POC pathway demonstrated a lower cost per correctly diagnosed case, largely due to reduced travel and sample transport expenses. Point-of-care haemoglobin electrophoresis represents a financially viable and more effective model for newborn SCD screening in remote, resource-limited African settings compared to centralised laboratory systems. National health policies in similar contexts should consider piloting and integrating POC devices into newborn screening programmes. Further research should evaluate long-term clinical outcomes and the feasibility of scale-up. sickle cell disease, newborn screening, point-of-care testing, haemoglobin electrophoresis, cost-effectiveness analysis, sub-Saharan Africa, health economics This study provides a practical, evidence-based economic analysis to inform the adoption of point-of-care diagnostic technologies for sickle cell disease in rural African health systems.
A Scoping Review of Clinical Decision Support Tool Implementation for Reducing Inappropriate Genetic Testing at a Tertiary Hospital in East Africa
Inappropriate genetic testing presents a significant challenge in resource-limited settings, leading to unnecessary expenditure and potential patient harm. In East Africa, clinical decision support tools are an emerging strategy to improve genetic test appropriateness, but their implementation and impact are poorly documented. This scoping review aimed to map and synthesise evidence on implementing a clinical decision support tool to reduce inappropriate genetic test orders at the Aga Khan University Hospital in Nairobi. The objectives were to identify reported outcomes, implementation processes, and key barriers and facilitators. A scoping review was conducted following established frameworks. A systematic search was performed across multiple electronic databases and grey literature sources. Studies and reports describing the tool’s implementation, design, or evaluation were included. Data were charted and analysed thematically. The review identified a limited but informative body of evidence. A prominent theme was the critical role of stakeholder engagement in tool design. Preliminary implementation reports indicated a reduction in inappropriate test orders. Reported barriers included challenges with clinician workflow integration and variable digital literacy amongst users. The implementation of a clinical decision support tool in this tertiary hospital context shows preliminary promise for improving genetic test appropriateness. The available evidence base remains nascent, highlighting a significant gap in formally published evaluations and long-term outcome data. Future work should prioritise robust, longitudinal evaluation of clinical decision support tools in African clinical genetics settings. Research should also focus on cost-effectiveness analyses and on developing tools tailored to local contexts, disease profiles, and resource constraints. clinical decision support, genetic testing, appropriateness, implementation science, East Africa, hospital, genetic counselling This review consolidates the early evidence on this specific implementation initiative, clarifying its reported outcomes and contextual challenges. It identifies critical gaps in the literature to guide future research and development in African genetic counselling practice.