Emergency care units (ECUs) in Senegal are critical for timely patient management during medical emergencies. However, their effectiveness and efficiency have not been systematically evaluated. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating quantitative data from patient records with qualitative insights from healthcare providers. Data were analysed using logistic regression models (OR = β ± SE; 95% CI). ECU patients had a significantly higher mortality rate compared to non-ECU cases ($OR = 1.68 ± 0.42$; 95% CI: 1.13–2.52, p < 0.05), highlighting the need for further improvements. The study underscores the importance of standardised protocols and continuous quality improvement in ECUs to enhance patient outcomes. Implementing evidence-based guidelines and training programmes for healthcare professionals is recommended to improve emergency care delivery. Emergency Care Units, Senegal, Quasi-Experimental Design, Clinical Outcomes