Public Health Campaigns and Tuberculosis Awareness in Urban Slums of Kampala, Uganda: A Longitudinal Study

Urban slums in Kampala, Uganda, face high rates of tuberculosis (TB), highlighting the need for effective public health interventions. A longitudinal study design was employed to assess changes in TB knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors through pre- and post-campaign surveys administered annually. Significant increases were observed in the proportion of respondents who recognised TB symptoms (from 45% to 68%) and knew where to seek care (from 30% to 42%), with a notable drop in stigma towards individuals with TB (from 70% to 55%). Public health campaigns significantly enhanced TB awareness and addressed stigmatization, contributing to improved screening practices. Continued support for ongoing public health initiatives is recommended to sustain these improvements. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.