Assessment of Community Health Worker Practices and HIV Prevention Outcomes in Rural Rwanda: A Longitudinal Case-Control Study

Community health workers (CHWs) play a critical role in HIV prevention efforts within rural communities, particularly in resource-limited settings such as Rwanda. A longitudinal case-control study design was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of CHWs in delivering preventive services, with a focus on identifying key practices that influence adherence and efficacy. CHWs reported high levels of community engagement (85%) but faced challenges such as limited resources (90%), which influenced their ability to deliver comprehensive HIV prevention programmes. The study highlights the importance of CHW training, support, and resource allocation in enhancing their effectiveness for successful HIV prevention efforts. Investment in capacity-building initiatives and improved access to essential resources are recommended to optimise CHW performance and outcomes. Community Health Workers, HIV Prevention, Rural Rwanda, Longitudinal Study Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.