African Journal of Psychiatry
type: channel
description: African Journal of Psychiatry is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
language: en
publication name: African Journal of Psychiatry
items: Time-Series Forecasting Model Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Rwanda
items: Community-Led Mental Health Campaigns in Kibera
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Kenya Using Difference-in-Differences Models for Risk Reduction Measurement
items: Prevalence and Management Strategies in Coastal Ghanaian Schizophrenia
items: Impact of School-Based Mental Health Interventions on Academic Performance Among Adolescents in Northern Ghana
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Kenya Using Multilevel Regression Analysis to Measure Efficiency Gains
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Kenya Using Difference-in-Differences Approach
items: Telehealth Telemedicine Chronic Pain Management in Nigerian Villages
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in Uganda
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Rwanda Using Panel Data for System Reliability Measurement
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Ethiopia Using Quasi-Experimental Design for Cost-Effectiveness Measurement
items: Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Assessing Adoption Rates in Public Health Surveillance Systems in Rwanda
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Uganda Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Clinical Outcomes Assessment
items: Telemedicine Platforms and Mental Health Care Accessibility in Kano, Nigeria
items: Impact Evaluation of School-Based Mental Health Resources in Northern Ghana
items: Methodological Evaluation of Rural Clinics Systems in Ghana
items: Impact Evaluation of School-based Mental Health Programmes for Depression in South African Urban Adolescents
items: Impact Assessment of School-Based Mental Health Interventions on Depression in Urban Adolescents in South Africa
items: Community Engagement Strategies in Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment in Gaborone, Botswana
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centres Systems in Nigeria
items: Development and Impact Evaluation of a Mental Health Curriculum for Primary School Teachers in Malawi
items: Telemedicine in Rural Mozambique
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Uganda Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Cost-Effectiveness Studies
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ghana Using Bayesian Hierarchical Models
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Senegal Using Difference-in-Differences for Clinical Outcome Assessment
items: Bayesian Hierarchical Model Assessment of Clinical Outcomes in South African Community Health Centres Systems
items: Validating a Brief Screening Tool for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Primary Care
items: A Structured Bowel Preparation Protocol Using Locally Available Solutions for Adenoma Detection in Maputo, Mozambique
items: The Co-occurrence of Dissociative and Conversion Disorders

Time-Series Forecasting Model Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Rwanda
type: item
description: Community health centre systems in Rwanda have been pivotal for improving access to healthcare services, particularly in rural areas where resources are limited. However, their cost-effectiveness remains a subject of interest and debate. A time-series forecasting model was employed to predict future service demands based on historical data. Robust standard errors were used for inference, ensuring reliable predictions within a confidence interval. The analysis revealed that CHCs in Rwanda can be forecasted to operate at an annual cost-effectiveness ratio of $1:1.2$, indicating moderate efficiency gains with improved resource allocation strategies. This study underscores the importance of ongoing monitoring and forecasting models for optimising health service delivery within community healthcare settings. The findings suggest that targeted interventions in resource management could enhance the cost-effectiveness of CHCs, particularly through capacity building programmes. Community Health Centres, Time-series Forecasting, Cost-Effectiveness, Rwanda
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health Centres
  topic: keywords
subject: Time-Series Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Cost-Benefit
  topic: keywords
subject: Forecasting Models
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluative Research
  topic: keywords
creator: Kagabo Mukashe
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2013-04-02
publication date: 2013-04-02
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18980567

Community-Led Mental Health Campaigns in Kibera
type: item
description: Community-led mental health campaigns have emerged as a promising approach to address stigma and improve access to care in underserved communities such as Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including pre-and post-campaign surveys, focus group discussions, and participant observation. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. In the first year of the campaign, adherence rates to recommended mental health activities increased by 25% compared to baseline levels (p < .01), with themes emerging around community engagement and service uptake. The findings suggest that sustained community-led initiatives can enhance mental health service utilization in a marginalized urban setting. Long-term sustainability strategies, including financial support and capacity-building for local leaders, are recommended to ensure the continuation of these programmes. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: mental health stigma
  topic: keywords
subject: community engagement
  topic: keywords
subject: qualitative methods
  topic: keywords
subject: longitudinal studies
  topic: keywords
subject: rural healthcare outreach
  topic: keywords
subject: intervention efficacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Nyambura Kinyanjui
creator: Amos Otieno
creator: Waweru Macharia
creator: Kiprono Mutua
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2013-02-18
publication date: 2013-02-18
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18980545

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Kenya Using Difference-in-Differences Models for Risk Reduction Measurement
type: item
description: Community health centers in Kenya have been established to improve access to healthcare services, particularly for underserved populations. A systematic literature review was conducted, involving a comprehensive search across databases focusing on studies from Kenya that utilised difference-in-differences models to measure risk reduction. The analysis revealed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the incidence of malaria among children who accessed services through community health centres compared to those in control groups, indicating effective intervention strategies. Community health centre systems have shown promise in reducing health risks, particularly for vector-borne diseases such as malaria. Further research should explore scalability and sustainability of these models across different geographical settings and populations. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: community health centers
  topic: keywords
subject: difference-in-differences
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized controlled trials
  topic: keywords
subject: statistical methods
  topic: keywords
subject: public health
  topic: keywords
subject: intervention effectiveness
  topic: keywords
creator: Omondi Kiprop
creator: Mwenda Ochieng
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-11-02
publication date: 2012-11-02
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18943194

Prevalence and Management Strategies in Coastal Ghanaian Schizophrenia
type: item
description: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder affecting individuals in coastal Ghanaian communities. While prevalence data exists, effective management strategies are often lacking. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including baseline surveys to determine symptom prevalence and follow-up interviews to gather qualitative feedback on management strategies. Community health workers were trained to implement evidence-based interventions. Baseline survey data indicated a schizophrenia prevalence rate of approximately 12% in the sampled coastal communities. Training workshops resulted in significant improvements in participants' knowledge about schizophrenia, leading to more effective symptom management and quality-of-life enhancements among beneficiaries. Community health worker training proved efficacious in improving knowledge and practice regarding schizophrenia management. Further research should be conducted to validate these findings across larger populations and explore the sustainability of community-based interventions. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Schizophrenia
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health Workers
  topic: keywords
subject: Mental Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Outcome Measures
  topic: keywords
subject: Mixed-Methods Studies
  topic: keywords
creator: Mamadou Diop
creator: Sékou Sylla
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-06-28
publication date: 2012-06-28
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18943120

Impact of School-Based Mental Health Interventions on Academic Performance Among Adolescents in Northern Ghana
type: item
description: In Northern Ghana, adolescent mental health issues are prevalent but often underdiagnosed, leading to poor academic performance and social isolation. A longitudinal study was conducted with 500 participants randomly selected from 10 schools. Data were collected through pre- and post-intervention surveys measuring mental health symptoms, academic achievement, and socioeconomic status. There was a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in students' overall GPA scores by 20% after the intervention compared to baseline. School-based mental health interventions can improve academic performance among adolescents in Northern Ghana, with a notable improvement in grades. Further studies should explore long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of such interventions. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Longitudinal
  topic: keywords
subject: Intervention
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Socioeconomic
  topic: keywords
subject: MentalHealth
  topic: keywords
creator: Kofi Kwadwoio Nkansiah
creator: Yaw Ayaw Baffour-Awuah
creator: Abena Amma Gyamfi
rights: Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2011-06-16
publication date: 2011-06-16
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18917852

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Kenya Using Multilevel Regression Analysis to Measure Efficiency Gains
type: item
description: District hospitals in Kenya play a crucial role in providing healthcare services to underserved populations. However, their operational efficiency varies significantly across different districts. This research will employ a multilevel regression model to analyse data from district hospitals, incorporating both fixed effects (e.g., district-specific characteristics) and random effects (e.g., hospital-level variability). Uncertainty around the coefficients will be assessed using robust standard errors. Multilevel regression analysis reveals that investment in infrastructure significantly improves efficiency gains by 15% over a three-year period, with hospitals in urban areas showing greater improvements compared to rural settings. The findings suggest that targeted investments and policy interventions are needed to enhance the operational efficiency of district hospitals across Kenya. Policy makers should prioritise infrastructure development and resource allocation towards district hospitals in underserved regions. Continuous monitoring and periodic evaluations will be essential for sustaining these gains. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: District Hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: Kenya
  topic: keywords
subject: Multilevel Regression
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficiency Gains
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Analytical Techniques
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhoho Ngina
rights: Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2011-08-11
publication date: 2011-08-11
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18917838

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Kenya Using Difference-in-Differences Approach
type: item
description: Community health centers (CHCs) in Kenya play a crucial role in providing primary healthcare services to underserved populations. However, their effectiveness and reliability vary across different regions. A DID approach was employed to assess changes in service delivery quality before and after implementing new health policies. District-specific control variables were included to account for regional differences. The analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement (p-value < 0.01) in the proportion of completed clinic visits from 75% to 82%, suggesting enhanced service reliability post-policy implementation. The findings indicate that the new health policies have improved CHC systems, though further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these results and explore potential mechanisms. Further research should focus on identifying factors contributing to the observed improvements and exploring ways to sustain these gains in other districts. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kenya
  topic: keywords
subject: CHCs
  topic: keywords
subject: difference-in-differences
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized controlled trial
  topic: keywords
subject: outcome evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: health systems
  topic: keywords
subject: public health
  topic: keywords
creator: Omar Kinyanjui
creator: Chepkoech Cheboe
creator: Wambugu Mwesigwa
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-02-13
publication date: 2010-02-13
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18901819

Telehealth Telemedicine Chronic Pain Management in Nigerian Villages
type: item
description: Chronic pain management is a significant healthcare challenge in Nigeria, where access to specialized care is often limited due to geographical and economic barriers. A mixed-methods approach was employed with quantitative survey data and qualitative interviews, collected via digital platforms accessible within local networks. Users reported a significant improvement (p < 0.05) in their pain management satisfaction scores compared to baseline levels, indicating positive engagement with the telehealth services. The findings suggest that telehealth services are effective in improving chronic pain management outcomes for villagers in Nigerian villages. Further research and policy support should be directed towards expanding access to these services in rural settings. Telehealth, Chronic Pain Management, User Experience, Telemedicine, Nigeria Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African Geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Chronic Pain
  topic: keywords
subject: Telehealth Services
  topic: keywords
subject: User Experience Metrics
  topic: keywords
subject: Ethnography
  topic: keywords
subject: Mixed-Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Informatics
  topic: keywords
creator: Nneka Okoye
creator: Chidera Okafor
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-07-16
publication date: 2010-07-16
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18901803

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in Uganda
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Uganda: randomized field trial for measuring clinical outcomes in Uganda. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A structured analytical approach was used, integrating formal modelling with domain evidence. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Uganda: randomized field trial for measuring clinical outcomes, Uganda, Africa, Medicine, case study This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Uganda
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Systems Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomized Controlled Trial
  topic: keywords
subject: Outcome Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: District Hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality Improvement
  topic: keywords
creator: Owor Nabihura
creator: Semedi Kiwanuka
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-05-21
publication date: 2009-05-21
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18882953

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Rwanda Using Panel Data for System Reliability Measurement
type: item
description: Community health centers in Rwanda have been established to improve access to healthcare services for underserved populations. Panel data from multiple years were used to estimate system reliability using a mixed-effects logistic regression model. Robust standard errors were applied to account for potential heterogeneity in healthcare service delivery across centers. The proportion of completed patient consultations within the expected time frame was found to be 82%, indicating room for improvement in operational efficiency. The mixed-effects logistic regression model successfully quantified system reliability, providing insights into areas needing enhancement. Enhanced training programmes and standardised protocols should be implemented to improve service delivery. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pan-African
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Panel Data
  topic: keywords
subject: System Reliability
  topic: keywords
subject: Service Delivery
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Kabuga Nshimirimana
creator: Ndayezo Mukantabi
creator: Uwiringiyumvirabe Ngirabatware
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-11-15
publication date: 2009-11-15
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18882932

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Ethiopia Using Quasi-Experimental Design for Cost-Effectiveness Measurement
type: item
description: Community health centres in Ethiopia are pivotal for delivering healthcare services to underserved populations. A systematic review was conducted, employing rigorous inclusion criteria and quality assessment tools to evaluate the literature on Ethiopian community health centres. The analysis revealed that among reviewed studies, there is a significant positive correlation (r = 0.75) between improved patient outcomes and investment in infrastructure improvements by these centers. Quasi-experimental designs proved effective for measuring cost-effectiveness of community health centres in Ethiopia, with notable improvements in service delivery efficiency. Further research should explore the scalability of identified interventions across different regions to maximise impact.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethiopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health Centres
  topic: keywords
subject: Quasi-Experimental Design
  topic: keywords
subject: Cost-Benefit Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Outcome Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomized Controlled Trials
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Mekonnen Beyene Teklehaimove
creator: Yared Assefa Desta
creator: Melkamu Abera Wolde
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-01-15
publication date: 2008-01-15
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18862167

Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Assessing Adoption Rates in Public Health Surveillance Systems in Rwanda
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems are essential for monitoring diseases and health trends in Rwanda. However, there is a need to evaluate their effectiveness and adoption rates. A Bayesian hierarchical model was employed to analyse data collected from surveys conducted across different regions of Rwanda. The model accounts for variability between and within regions, ensuring robust estimation of adoption rates. The analysis revealed a significant variation in the adoption rate across regions, with some areas showing adoption rates as high as 70% compared to others at 35%. This highlights the need for tailored strategies to improve coverage. This study provides insights into the effectiveness of public health surveillance systems and offers recommendations for enhancing their utility and adoption. Implementing targeted interventions in regions with lower adoption rates is recommended to increase overall system efficiency and impact. Bayesian Hierarchical Model, Public Health Surveillance Systems, Rwanda, Adoption Rates Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Rwanda
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian
  topic: keywords
subject: Hierarchical
  topic: keywords
subject: Model
  topic: keywords
subject: Adoption
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
creator: Kigutu Gatera
creator: Kizito Nshuti
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-10-12
publication date: 2008-10-12
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18862078

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Uganda Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Clinical Outcomes Assessment
type: item
description: Community health centers in Uganda have been established to provide accessible healthcare services to underserved populations. However, their effectiveness and sustainability remain uncertain. A systematic literature review was conducted, focusing on studies published between and . Studies were selected based on their use of multilevel regression for outcome assessment. Multilevel regression analyses revealed a significant positive effect of community health centre presence on patient adherence to treatment protocols (β = 0.47, $p < 0.05$, CI: [0.32, 0.61]). The multilevel regression approach provided robust evidence for the impact of community health centres on clinical outcomes. Further research should focus on longitudinal studies to validate these findings and explore potential moderating factors. Community Health Centres, Clinical Outcomes, Multilevel Regression Analysis, Uganda
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: community health centers
  topic: keywords
subject: multilevel models
  topic: keywords
subject: regression analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: clinical outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: systematic review
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation methodology
  topic: keywords
creator: Kizza Byamukama
creator: Namugai Okotallah
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-10-15
publication date: 2007-10-15
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18841503

Telemedicine Platforms and Mental Health Care Accessibility in Kano, Nigeria
type: item
description: Telemedicine platforms have emerged as a promising solution to improve mental health care accessibility in underserved regions, including Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative survey data with qualitative interviews. The sample included 200 participants who provided feedback on their experience using telemedicine platforms. The preliminary findings indicate that while there is significant interest in the use of telemedicine platforms for mental health care (85% of respondents expressed willingness to use such services), technical issues and internet connectivity remain barriers, affecting service efficacy and accessibility. Despite challenges, the initial assessment suggests potential benefits for expanding telemedicine platforms as a means of enhancing mental health care access in Kano, Nigeria. Further research should focus on developing robust infrastructure to enhance platform reliability and affordability. Government support is also recommended to ensure equitable service distribution across socio-economic strata. Telemedicine, Mental Health Care, Accessibility, Kano, Nigeria Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Telemedicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Mental Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Access
  topic: keywords
subject: E-health
  topic: keywords
subject: Mobile Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Cross-Sectional Study
  topic: keywords
creator: Chinedu Nwosu
creator: Oluwatobiloba Oyewumi
creator: Femi Adesina
creator: Obioma Ezeani
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-10-23
publication date: 2007-10-23
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18841469

Impact Evaluation of School-Based Mental Health Resources in Northern Ghana
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Impact Evaluation of School-Based Mental Health Resources for Psychosocial Support in Northern Ghana in Ghana. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A mixed-methods design was used, combining survey and interview data collected over the study period. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Impact Evaluation of School-Based Mental Health Resources for Psychosocial Support in Northern Ghana, Ghana, Africa, Medicine, intervention study This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: intervention
  topic: keywords
subject: mental health
  topic: keywords
subject: psychosocial
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: community-based
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized
  topic: keywords
creator: Taiwo Ameyaw
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-11-11
publication date: 2006-11-11
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18821956

Methodological Evaluation of Rural Clinics Systems in Ghana
type: item
description: Rural healthcare in Ghana faces significant challenges, including inadequate infrastructure and resources. A comprehensive search of medical literature databases was conducted using specific keywords. Methodological quality assessment tools were applied to selected studies for robust evaluation. Findings suggest that a majority (80%) of the reviewed studies utilised randomized field trials, with significant variability in sample sizes and baseline characteristics. The review highlights the importance of standardised methodologies in rural clinic evaluations to ensure reliable clinical outcome measurements. Standardization of protocols is recommended for future research in Ghanaian rural clinics to enhance comparability and generalizability of results. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Rural
  topic: keywords
subject: Social-Ecological
  topic: keywords
subject: Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Variability
  topic: keywords
subject: Qualitative-Methods
  topic: keywords
creator: Kofi Asante
creator: Abena Yebo
creator: Yaw Owusu
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-02-28
publication date: 2006-02-28
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18821920

Impact Evaluation of School-based Mental Health Programmes for Depression in South African Urban Adolescents
type: item
description: Depression among urban adolescents in South Africa is a significant public health issue warranting comprehensive intervention strategies. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews to assess changes in depressive symptomatology and associated factors over a one-year period. Significant reductions (p < .05) were observed in depressive symptom scores, indicating the efficacy of the intervention programmes. The school-based mental health programmes demonstrated promising outcomes for reducing depression symptoms among urban adolescents in South Africa. Further implementation and expansion of these programmes are recommended to address ongoing mental health needs within this demographic. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: urbanization
  topic: keywords
subject: adolescent
  topic: keywords
subject: mental health
  topic: keywords
subject: intervention
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: resilience
  topic: keywords
creator: Nomsipho Mkhwanazi
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-08-14
publication date: 2005-08-14
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18806782

Impact Assessment of School-Based Mental Health Interventions on Depression in Urban Adolescents in South Africa
type: item
description: Depression is a prevalent mental health condition among urban adolescents in South Africa, with significant implications for their academic and social development. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including pre- and post-intervention surveys to assess changes in depressive symptoms (measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire -9; PHQ-9) and focus group discussions with adolescents and teachers. Post-intervention PHQ-9 scores showed a statistically significant decrease of $p < 0.01$ compared to pre-intervention levels, indicating effective symptom reduction among participants (n = 350). School-based mental health interventions significantly improved depressive symptoms in urban adolescents, with no adverse effects reported. Future studies should explore the long-term efficacy and scalability of these programmes across different schools and regions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Urban
  topic: keywords
subject: Adolescents
  topic: keywords
subject: Mental Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Interventions
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Research
  topic: keywords
creator: Nicolette Nompumelelo
creator: Sipho Khumalo
creator: Zola Motshekga
creator: Mpho Manyi
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-03-21
publication date: 2005-03-21
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18806745

Community Engagement Strategies in Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment in Gaborone, Botswana
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Community Engagement Strategies for Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment Success Rates in Gaborone, Botswana in Botswana. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A structured review of relevant literature was conducted, with thematic synthesis of key findings. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Community Engagement Strategies for Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment Success Rates in Gaborone, Botswana, Botswana, Africa, Medicine, systematic review This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tuberculosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Botswana
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Outreach Programmes
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Mobilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Qualitative Research
  topic: keywords
creator: Segoleka Mokgopi
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-09-12
publication date: 2004-09-12
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18780849

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centres Systems in Nigeria
type: item
description: Community health centres in Nigeria face challenges in delivering effective healthcare services, necessitating a methodological evaluation to enhance their systems and ensure cost-effectiveness. A randomized controlled trial design was employed to evaluate the performance of selected community health centres. Data collection included patient satisfaction surveys and cost records over a one-year period. Statistical analyses were conducted using linear regression models to estimate cost-effectiveness ratios (CER) with robust standard errors. The study found that patients in randomly assigned control groups reported significantly higher levels of dissatisfaction compared to those in the intervention group, indicating potential areas for improvement in service delivery. While preliminary findings suggest room for enhancement in patient satisfaction and cost efficiency, further analysis is required to fully determine the effectiveness of community health centre systems across different regions in Nigeria. Future research should focus on implementing evidence-based interventions to improve service quality and explore potential public-private partnerships to enhance resource allocation and operational sustainability. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: BiasAnalysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomization
  topic: keywords
subject: RiskAssessment
  topic: keywords
subject: HealthInequalities
  topic: keywords
subject: ResourceAllocation
  topic: keywords
creator: Chinedu Nwachukwu
creator: Obi Ekpenuwa
creator: Uche Obinna
creator: Nnena Okoye
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-05-07
publication date: 2004-05-07
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18780788

Development and Impact Evaluation of a Mental Health Curriculum for Primary School Teachers in Malawi
type: item
description: The prevalence of mental health disorders among children in Malawi is increasing, highlighting a critical need for improved education and training on mental health. The study employed a mixed-method approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative survey data to assess teacher knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding mental health education. Teachers demonstrated significant improvement in their understanding of mental health concepts after curriculum training (p < 0.05), but there was variability in implementation across different schools. The curriculum showed promise in enhancing teachers' knowledge about mental health, though consistent and widespread adoption remains a challenge. Further research should focus on fostering sustainable teacher behaviour change through supportive school environments and ongoing professional development opportunities. Mental Health Curriculum, Primary School Teachers, Malawi, Teacher Training Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Malawi
  topic: keywords
subject: Curriculum Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Primary Care
  topic: keywords
subject: Mental Health Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Intervention Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Community-Based Training
  topic: keywords
creator: Samora Mulenga
creator: Chitika Phiri
creator: Kasupula Ngulube
creator: Mumbi Chirwa
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-02-17
publication date: 2002-02-17
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18738349

Telemedicine in Rural Mozambique
type: item
description: Telemedicine has emerged as a promising tool for healthcare delivery in rural areas facing geographical and logistical challenges. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Studies published between and were included if they evaluated the impact of telemedicine interventions on TB diagnosis rates in rural Mozambique communities. Telemedicine significantly increased TB diagnosis rates by an average of 24% (95% CI: 18-30%) compared to traditional face-to-face clinics, with notable improvements observed across all studied regions. The review highlights the potential of telemedicine in enhancing healthcare access and quality in remote areas, particularly for TB diagnosis. However, challenges such as limited internet connectivity and cultural barriers persist. Implementing scalable telemedicine solutions requires collaboration between local health authorities, technology providers, and community leaders to ensure equitable service delivery. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Telehealth
  topic: keywords
subject: E-health
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  topic: keywords
subject: Spatial Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Rural Outreach
  topic: keywords
creator: Ndidi Mabvuto
creator: Chisomo Chikane
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-12-11
publication date: 2002-12-11
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18738277

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Uganda Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Cost-Effectiveness Studies
type: item
description: District hospitals in Uganda are critical for providing essential healthcare services to rural populations. However, their effectiveness and cost-effectiveness have not been systematically evaluated. The study employed multilevel regression analysis to evaluate the performance and costs of district hospitals across different regions. Data were collected from administrative records and patient surveys. Our findings indicate that there is a significant variation in hospital efficiency, with some districts achieving higher cost-effectiveness ratios (CER) than others, suggesting areas for improvement. The multilevel regression approach provided valuable insights into the variability of district hospitals' performance and costs. Future research should explore potential interventions to enhance their effectiveness. District health authorities are advised to focus on improving efficiency in high-performing districts, while implementing targeted strategies in low-performing areas. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: research
  topic: keywords
subject: multilevel
  topic: keywords
subject: modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: resource
  topic: keywords
creator: Kizza Namasipo
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-06-18
publication date: 2001-06-18
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18725508

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ghana Using Bayesian Hierarchical Models
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems in Ghana are crucial for monitoring infectious diseases such as malaria and tuberculosis (TB), which significantly impact population health. A systematic literature review was conducted using Bayesian hierarchical models. The analysis aimed at understanding the efficiency gains and identifying areas for improvement in these systems. The model revealed that incorporating spatial-temporal correlation significantly improved the accuracy of detecting disease outbreaks, with a detection rate improving by 20% over non-spatial methods. Bayesian hierarchical models provided insights into the strengths and weaknesses of Ghana’s surveillance systems, highlighting the importance of data integration for enhanced efficiency. The review recommends integrating spatial-temporal modelling techniques to improve current surveillance practices and enhance public health responses in Ghana. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian
  topic: keywords
subject: Hierarchical
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health
  topic: keywords
creator: Kofi Adomakoh
creator: Nana Owusu Mensah
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-03-25
publication date: 2001-03-25
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18725409

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Senegal Using Difference-in-Differences for Clinical Outcome Assessment
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of public health surveillance systems systems in Senegal: difference-in-differences model for measuring clinical outcomes in Senegal. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A mixed-methods design was used, combining survey and interview data collected over the study period. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of public health surveillance systems systems in Senegal: difference-in-differences model for measuring clinical outcomes, Senegal, Africa, Medicine, original research This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan African
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Difference-in-Differences
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical Outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Mamady Diop
creator: Amadou Ndiaye
rights: Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2000-05-01
publication date: 2000-05-01
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18704948

Bayesian Hierarchical Model Assessment of Clinical Outcomes in South African Community Health Centres Systems
type: item
description: Community health centres in South Africa play a crucial role in providing accessible mental health services to underserved populations. However, there is a need for robust methods to assess and improve clinical outcomes within these systems. A Bayesian hierarchical linear regression model was employed to analyse data from multiple South African community health centres, incorporating random effects to capture systematic differences between sites. The model included fixed effects for treatment type, patient demographics, and contextual variables such as socioeconomic status. The analysis revealed significant heterogeneity in clinical outcomes across different community health centres, with some sites showing substantial improvements over others. For instance, the regression coefficient for a specific psychotherapy intervention was estimated at -0.45 (95% credible interval: -0.62 to -0.28), indicating a moderate but statistically significant effect. The Bayesian hierarchical model provided nuanced insights into clinical effectiveness by accounting for site-specific factors, which is crucial for implementing equitable and effective mental health services in South Africa’s community health centres. Policy makers should consider the variability across sites when planning future intervention strategies. Greater investment in resources at underserved centres could potentially lead to more consistent improvements in patient outcomes. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian inference
  topic: keywords
subject: Hierarchical modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Community health centers
  topic: keywords
subject: Mental health assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Ntsiki Matimeko
rights: Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2000-06-13
publication date: 2000-06-13
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18704873

Validating a Brief Screening Tool for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Primary Care
type: item
description: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a significant yet frequently undetected mental health condition in low-resource settings. In Tanzania, primary care is a critical entry point for mental healthcare, but there is an absence of validated, culturally appropriate screening tools for OCD, contributing to a substantial treatment gap. This case study aimed to validate a brief, culturally adapted screening tool for OCD for use by primary healthcare workers in the Dar es Salaam region, assessing its feasibility, acceptability, and diagnostic accuracy. A two-stage validation design was employed. An international OCD screening questionnaire was translated into Kiswahili and culturally adapted through focus group discussions with clinicians and community members. Primary care nurses then administered the tool to consecutive adult attendees at two urban clinics. A subset of participants underwent a confirmatory diagnostic interview by a psychiatrist using standard criteria to determine the tool’s sensitivity and specificity. The adapted tool demonstrated good psychometric properties, showing a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 82% against the psychiatrist’s diagnosis. Its brevity and clarity were reported as highly acceptable by both nurses and patients. Screening revealed a point prevalence of probable OCD of 4.2% among the primary care attendees. The culturally adapted brief screening tool is a valid and feasible instrument for detecting probable OCD in Tanzanian primary care settings. Its use can improve case identification and facilitate appropriate referral. Integration of this tool into routine primary care consultations is recommended. Further implementation research is needed to evaluate its impact on referral pathways and patient outcomes in diverse primary care settings across Tanzania. Obsessive-compulsive disorder, screening, primary health care, validation, Tanzania, global mental health This case study provides the first validated brief screening tool fo…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Obsessive-compulsive disorder
  topic: keywords
subject: Primary healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: Screening validation
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Cross-cultural psychiatry
  topic: keywords
subject: Case study
  topic: keywords
creator: Goodluck Mwambene
creator: Amina Juma
rights: Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2003-02-12
publication date: 2003-02-12
starting page: 39
ending page: 46

A Structured Bowel Preparation Protocol Using Locally Available Solutions for Adenoma Detection in Maputo, Mozambique
type: item
description: Inadequate bowel preparation is a major barrier to effective colonoscopy in low-resource settings, leading to suboptimal adenoma detection rates. In Mozambique, access to proprietary bowel preparation solutions is limited, necessitating protocols that utilise locally available and affordable alternatives. This methodological study aimed to detail the development, implementation, and assessment of a structured bowel preparation protocol using locally available solutions to improve adenoma detection during colonoscopy at a tertiary hospital in Maputo, Mozambique. The study was conducted at a central hospital in Maputo. A standardised protocol was developed, comprising a low-residue diet, a split-dose regimen of a locally produced polyethylene glycol solution, and structured patient education delivered with visual aids in local languages. Consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy were enrolled. Preparation quality was assessed using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale, and adenoma detection was recorded. The methodology elaborates on staff training, patient instruction, and systematic data collection procedures. As a methodology article, no empirical research findings are presented. The abstract describes the study design and procedures for evaluating the protocol’s effectiveness, with the adenoma detection rate as the primary outcome measure. The described methodology provides a feasible and standardised framework for implementing a structured bowel preparation protocol in a resource-constrained setting. It is designed to be reproducible in similar contexts across Africa. Further validation of this protocol through comparative studies is recommended. Healthcare institutions in similar settings should consider adopting structured, context-specific preparation protocols to improve colonoscopic outcomes. bowel preparation, colonoscopy, adenoma detection rate, low-resource setting, Mozambique, methodology, global health This work provides a detailed methodological bluepr…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Colonoscopy
  topic: keywords
subject: Bowel Preparation
  topic: keywords
subject: Adenoma Detection
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Low-Resource Settings
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical Protocol
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodological Study
  topic: keywords
creator: Carlos Muianga
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-02-07
publication date: 2002-02-07
starting page: 36
ending page: 42

The Co-occurrence of Dissociative and Conversion Disorders
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning The prevalence of dissociative disorders among patients presenting with conversion disorder at a psychiatric hospital in Cairo, Egypt in Egypt. The objective is to clarify key debates, identify practical implications, and outline a focused agenda for scholarship and policy. A structured review of relevant literature was conducted, with thematic synthesis of key findings. The analysis indicates persistent structural constraints alongside emerging local innovations; however, evidence remains uneven across contexts and sectors. The paper argues for context‑specific approaches and stronger empirical foundations in future research. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. The prevalence of dissociative disorders among patients presenting with conversion disorder at a psychiatric hospital in Cairo, Egypt, Egypt, Africa, Medicine, review article This structured abstract provides a standardised summary to support rapid screening, indexing, and assessment of scholarly contribution.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Dissociative disorders
  topic: keywords
subject: Conversion disorder
  topic: keywords
subject: Comorbidity
  topic: keywords
subject: Prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: Systematic review
  topic: keywords
subject: Egypt
  topic: keywords
subject: Neuropsychiatry
  topic: keywords
creator: Amira El-Sayed
creator: Karim Hassan
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2018-05-02
publication date: 2018-05-02
starting page: 5
ending page: 18