Land reform in Senegal has been a contentious issue since independence, with significant socio-economic impacts on rural populations and agricultural productivity. The study employed qualitative methods, including interviews with key informants such as government officials, community leaders, and smallholder farmers. Data collection was conducted through focus group discussions in targeted villages across Senegal. Key themes emerged from the analysis, highlighting increased land tenure security for smallholders but also challenges related to equitable distribution of benefits and limited access to formal markets. The findings suggest that while land reform has improved some aspects of agricultural livelihoods in rural areas, there is a need for more inclusive policies to address existing disparities. Recommendations include enhancing community involvement in decision-making processes, improving market linkages, and providing training to smallholder farmers on modern farming practices.