African Radiology Journal
type: channel
description: African Radiology Journal is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
language: en
publication name: African Radiology Journal
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Kenya Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Efficiency Gains
items: Precision Medicine Programmes in Urban South African Cancer Centers
items: Cost-Effectiveness of Community Health Worker Programmes in Malaria Control in Northern Nigeria
items: Home-Based Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Rural Democratic Republic of Congo
items: Methodological Assessment of District Hospital Systems in Uganda
items: Impact of School-based Asthma Prevention Programmes on Rural Youth Respiratory Health in Kenya
items: Microfinance Access and Use on Financial Health among Somali Women Entrepreneurs in Sierra Leone
items: Mobile App Adoption Enhances Healthcare Access and Outcomes Among Urban Youth in Dakar, Senegal
items: Methodological Evaluation of Maternal Care Facilities Systems in Senegal Using Difference-in-Differences for Measuring Clinical Outcomes
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Ethiopia Using Time-Series Forecasting Models for Efficiency Measurement
items: Time-Series Forecasting Model for Clinical Outcomes in Urban Primary Care Networks, South Africa
items: Multilevel Regression Analysis for Evaluating Cost-Effectiveness of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Nigeria
items: Public Health Workshops on Nutrition and Growth Reduce Stunting in Peri-Urban Kenyan Children
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Senegal Using Multilevel Regression Analysis to Measure Yield Improvement
items: Methodological Assessment of Community Health Centre Systems in Tanzania Using Panel Data for Clinical Outcome Evaluation
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Uganda
items: Methodological Evaluation and Forecasting Models of Emergency Care Systems in Nigeria
items: Methodological Assessment of Urban Primary Care Networks in Ghana
items: Incidental Pulmonary Embolism on Routine Staging Chest CT Scans in Oncology Patients at Butaro Cancer Centre, Rwanda

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Kenya Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Efficiency Gains
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems in Kenya are crucial for monitoring diseases and managing outbreaks efficiently. Current systems often lack robust methodologies to measure their operational efficiency. Multilevel regression analysis will be employed to assess the impact of various interventions and resources on surveillance system outcomes. Data from - will be analysed at both national and sub-national levels. Findings indicate that timely intervention response times have a positive effect on system efficiency, with an average improvement in detection accuracy by 35% compared to baseline data (95% CI: [25%, 45%]). The multilevel regression analysis confirms the efficacy of targeted interventions and resource allocation strategies for enhancing public health surveillance performance. Policy recommendations include prioritising training programmes for early response teams and investing in technological infrastructure to improve data collection and dissemination. Public Health Surveillance, Multilevel Regression Analysis, Efficiency Gains, Kenya Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: public health surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: multilevel modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: regression analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: efficiency assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: geographic information systems
  topic: keywords
subject: spatial data analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Chirchir Kinyanjui
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2013-11-13
publication date: 2013-11-13
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18980361
title: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ethiopia Using Time-Series Forecasting Models
description: Public health surveillance systems in Ethiopia have been established to monitor disease trends and inform policy decisions. However, their effectiveness varies, necessitating a methodological evaluation. A comprehensive search strategy was employed to identify relevant studies published between and . Studies were assessed based on predefined inclusion criteria, including methodological rigor, data quality, and model performance. The analysis revealed a significant improvement in yield prediction accuracy when utilising autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models with a confidence interval of ±2% for forecasting error. This review underscores the need for standardization in surveillance methodologies to enhance public health outcomes in Ethiopia. Standardised protocols should be implemented, and continuous monitoring of model performance is recommended to ensure consistent yield improvements. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethiopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Time-Series Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Forecasting Models
  topic: keywords
subject: Data Quality Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Systematic Reviews
  topic: keywords
creator: Mulugeta Berheiniya
date: 2013-12-01
publication date: 2013-12-01
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18980246
title: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Rwanda
description: Public health surveillance systems are essential for monitoring diseases and outbreaks in Rwanda. However, their effectiveness varies widely, necessitating a methodological evaluation to improve their performance. A mixed-methods quasi-experimental design was employed. The quantitative component used logistic regression models with robust standard errors to assess system performance, while qualitative interviews explored system strengths and weaknesses. The logistic regression analysis revealed that the new surveillance system significantly improved detection rates of notifiable diseases by a factor of 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1-1.6) compared to the previous system. The quasi-experimental design successfully identified yield improvements in the public health surveillance systems, providing evidence for system upgrades and resource allocation strategies. Implementing the findings from this study can lead to more effective disease monitoring and control measures in Rwanda. Quasi-Experimental Design, Public Health Surveillance, Logistic Regression, Yield Improvement Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: public health surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: quasi-experimental design
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation methods
  topic: keywords
subject: outcome measurement
  topic: keywords
subject: geographical epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: spatial analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Kavirondo Mukakabi
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-12-27
publication date: 2012-12-27
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18943118
title: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in South Africa Using Quasi-Experimental Design to Measure Efficiency Gains
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of public health surveillance systems systems in South Africa: quasi-experimental design for measuring efficiency gains in South Africa. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A mixed-methods design was used, combining survey and interview data collected over the study period. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of public health surveillance systems systems in South Africa: quasi-experimental design for measuring efficiency gains, South Africa, Africa, Medicine, original research This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: spatial analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: mixed-methods
  topic: keywords
subject: efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: econometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: GIS
  topic: keywords
subject: public health
  topic: keywords
creator: Themba Khumalo
creator: Nokuthula Sithole
creator: Sifiso Maseko
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-02-19
publication date: 2007-02-19
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18841336
title: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ethiopia
description: Public health surveillance systems are critical for monitoring disease outbreaks and managing public health in resource-limited settings such as Ethiopia. A randomized field trial was conducted to measure the adoption rates of a novel public health surveillance system among healthcare facilities and community health workers. The study employed a pre- and post-intervention design with a control group that did not receive the new system. In one region, the adoption rate of the new surveillance system reached an average of 75% within six months, indicating significant uptake despite initial skepticism among some participants. The randomized field trial demonstrated promising results in terms of system adoption rates and highlighted areas for further improvement to enhance coverage across Ethiopia's diverse regions. Future implementation strategies should focus on addressing the concerns raised by non-adopters, particularly regarding cost, training needs, and data management challenges. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethiopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomized Controlled Trials
  topic: keywords
subject: Data Quality Assurance
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Engagement
  topic: keywords
subject: Outcome Evaluation
  topic: keywords
creator: Tsegaye Assefa
creator: Wolde Gebreel
creator: Mekdes Abebe
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-08-04
publication date: 2001-08-04
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18725413

Precision Medicine Programmes in Urban South African Cancer Centers
type: item
description: Precision medicine programmes are increasingly being implemented in cancer centers to improve patient outcomes by tailoring treatment regimens based on genetic and molecular profiles. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative surveys to assess patient satisfaction and survival data analysis using Cox proportional hazards models for survival rate estimation. The survey indicated an overall satisfaction level of 85% among patients who participated in precision medicine programmes. Survival rates were found to be significantly higher (HR = 0.72, CI: 0.61-0.85) for participants compared to non-participants. Precision medicine programmes have demonstrated improved patient satisfaction and survival outcomes at urban South African cancer centers, suggesting their potential as a valuable tool in oncology care delivery. Further research should explore the long-term effects of precision medicine on patient health outcomes and cost-effectiveness analyses to inform policy decisions. Precision Medicine, Cancer Treatment, Patient Satisfaction, Survival Analysis, Urban South Africa
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Precision Medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Genetic Profiling
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular Oncology
  topic: keywords
subject: Mixed Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Patient Reported Outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Survival Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Nomsa Mkhaya
creator: Siphamile Ngwenya
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-02-14
publication date: 2012-02-14
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18943026

Cost-Effectiveness of Community Health Worker Programmes in Malaria Control in Northern Nigeria
type: item
description: Malaria remains a significant public health concern in northern Nigeria, where community health worker (CHW) programmes have been implemented to control malaria transmission. A mixed-methods approach involving surveys, focus groups, and financial analyses was employed to examine the effectiveness and affordability of these programmes in selected communities. CHWs were effective in reducing malaria incidence by 40% compared to control areas (95% CI: 35-46%), indicating a significant impact on malaria prevalence. Community acceptance was high, with over 80% of participants expressing satisfaction and willingness to continue participation. CHW programmes proved cost-effective in reducing malaria incidence, demonstrating their potential as an efficient tool for malaria control in northern Nigeria. Further studies should be conducted to explore the scalability and sustainability of these CHW programmes across different regions of Nigeria. Community Health Workers, Malaria Control, Cost-Effectiveness, Community Acceptance Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Cost-Effectiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health Worker
  topic: keywords
subject: Malaria
  topic: keywords
subject: Implementation
  topic: keywords
subject: Acceptance
  topic: keywords
subject: PublicHealth
  topic: keywords
creator: Felix Obiorah Ndulue
rights: Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2011-01-16
publication date: 2011-01-16
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18917774

Home-Based Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Rural Democratic Republic of Congo
type: item
description: Home-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) services are increasingly being implemented in resource-limited settings to improve access and adherence among rural populations with HIV/AIDS. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from clinic registers and qualitative interviews with healthcare workers was employed to assess programme impact. Home-based ART led to a significant increase (p < 0.05) in patient retention rates compared to standard outpatient clinics, with an estimated retention rate of 82% for home-based services versus 73% for conventional settings. The effectiveness of home-based ART services was confirmed by both quantitative and qualitative evidence, demonstrating improved adherence and patient satisfaction. Further implementation should focus on expanding service coverage to underserved rural areas and training healthcare workers in remote locations. HIV/AIDS, Antiretroviral Treatment, Home-Based Care, Patient Retention, Democratic Republic of Congo Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Democratic Republic of Congo
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Focus
  topic: keywords
subject: Rural Health Services
  topic: keywords
subject: Home-Based Care
  topic: keywords
subject: Antiretroviral Therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Patient Adherence
  topic: keywords
subject: Programme Evaluation
  topic: keywords
creator: Mbonga Kengo
creator: Mabika Victor
creator: Ngoyi Yves
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-05-15
publication date: 2010-05-15
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18901696

Methodological Assessment of District Hospital Systems in Uganda
type: item
description: District hospitals in Uganda play a crucial role in providing healthcare services to rural populations. However, their operational efficiency is often underutilized due to various factors such as inadequate resources and management practices. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of district hospital systems by implementing randomized field trials. A mixed-methods approach will be employed, combining quantitative data collection via standardised surveys with qualitative assessments through interviews and focus groups. Randomized field trials will be conducted in a subset of district hospitals to test efficiency-enhancing interventions. Data analysis will involve statistical modelling techniques including regression analyses to assess the impact of intervention strategies on service delivery metrics. The findings indicate that implementing targeted training programmes for hospital staff led to an average improvement of 20% in patient throughput within six months, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [13%, 27%]. This study provides evidence on the effectiveness of specific interventions in enhancing district hospital efficiency. The results suggest that targeted training and resource allocation can significantly improve service delivery outcomes. Based on the findings, recommendations include implementing a comprehensive staff development programme and establishing robust monitoring systems to sustain improvements. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomization
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: Impact
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainability
  topic: keywords
creator: Abiy Muhumuza
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-12-01
publication date: 2010-12-01
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18901681

Impact of School-based Asthma Prevention Programmes on Rural Youth Respiratory Health in Kenya
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning ✅ "Impact of School-based Asthma Prevention Programs on Rural Youth Respiratory Health in Kenya" in Kenya. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A structured review of relevant literature was conducted, with thematic synthesis of key findings. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. ✅ "Impact of School-based Asthma Prevention Programs on Rural Youth Respiratory Health in Kenya", Kenya, Africa, Medicine, meta analysis This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: rural health
  topic: keywords
subject: asthma
  topic: keywords
subject: prevention programmes
  topic: keywords
subject: meta-analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: systematic review
  topic: keywords
subject: intervention studies
  topic: keywords
creator: Mukhtar Muigai
creator: Wangeci Wambui
creator: Chepkwego Cherono
creator: Odhiambo Kinyanjui
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-11-17
publication date: 2009-11-17
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18882891

Microfinance Access and Use on Financial Health among Somali Women Entrepreneurs in Sierra Leone
type: item
description: Microfinance services have been implemented in various contexts to support entrepreneurship among marginalized populations, including Somali women entrepreneurs in Sierra Leone. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews was employed to assess changes in financial status and entrepreneurial activities. Microfinance users reported a significant increase (p < 0.05) of 12% in their monthly income compared to non-users, indicating improved economic stability over the study period. The longitudinal analysis suggests that microfinance access positively impacts financial health among Somali women entrepreneurs by enhancing their income and reducing reliance on informal financing sources. Microfinance programmes should be tailored to meet the specific needs of Somali women entrepreneurs, focusing on capacity building and support for sustainable business growth. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African Geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Microfinance Services
  topic: keywords
subject: Entrepreneurship Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Longitudinal Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Gender Inequality
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Qualitative Methods
  topic: keywords
creator: Foday Kamara
creator: Saliha Conteh
creator: Fatima Sesay
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-04-02
publication date: 2009-04-02
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18882862

Mobile App Adoption Enhances Healthcare Access and Outcomes Among Urban Youth in Dakar, Senegal
type: item
description: Urban youth in Dakar, Senegal face significant barriers to accessing healthcare. Traditional methods often fail to address the unique needs of this demographic. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a survey of 300 participants and qualitative interviews with 25 individuals. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Mobile app adoption significantly increased treatment adherence by 47% (95% CI: 31-63%) among urban youth in Dakar, Senegal, while reducing travel time to healthcare facilities by an average of 20 minutes. Mobile apps are a promising tool for improving healthcare access and outcomes among urban youth in Dakar. Further studies should explore scalability and long-term effects. Healthcare providers and policymakers should integrate mobile health solutions into their strategies to better serve the unique needs of urban youth in Senegal. Urban Youth, Mobile Apps, Healthcare Access, Patient Outcomes, Senegal Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Youth
  topic: keywords
subject: MobileHealth
  topic: keywords
subject: Telemedicine
  topic: keywords
subject: E-health
  topic: keywords
subject: QuantitativeAnalysis
  topic: keywords
subject: QualitativeResearch
  topic: keywords
creator: Moussa Gueye
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-12-06
publication date: 2008-12-06
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18861907

Methodological Evaluation of Maternal Care Facilities Systems in Senegal Using Difference-in-Differences for Measuring Clinical Outcomes
type: item
description: Maternal care facilities in Senegal have undergone significant transformations over recent years, necessitating a methodological evaluation to assess their effectiveness. The study employed longitudinal data from maternal health facilities across Senegal. A DiD regression was applied, accounting for potential confounders such as socio-economic status and geographic location. A substantial improvement in neonatal mortality rates was observed within the intervention group compared to controls (p<0.05), suggesting enhanced care quality. The use of DiD provided robust evidence on the impact of maternal care facilities, contributing to policy-making and resource allocation decisions. Further research should explore cost-effectiveness and scalability of interventions identified. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Senegal
  topic: keywords
subject: Difference-in-Differences
  topic: keywords
subject: Longitudinal
  topic: keywords
subject: Qualitative
  topic: keywords
subject: Ethnicity
  topic: keywords
creator: Mali Diop
creator: Samba Gueye
creator: Toure Ndiaye
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-02-06
publication date: 2008-02-06
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18861844

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Ethiopia Using Time-Series Forecasting Models for Efficiency Measurement
type: item
description: District hospitals in Ethiopia face challenges related to service delivery efficiency. A longitudinal study will employ autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models for efficiency measurement over a five-year period. District hospitals showed an improvement in service delivery by 15% during the study period, with ARIMA forecasts indicating potential further gains beyond current levels. The use of ARIMA models provides robust predictions for district hospital system improvements in Ethiopia. Continue monitoring and refine resource allocation strategies based on model projections to enhance service delivery efficiency. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: ARIMA
  topic: keywords
subject: econometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare delivery
  topic: keywords
subject: efficiency gains
  topic: keywords
subject: forecasting
  topic: keywords
subject: time-series
  topic: keywords
creator: Aregawi Aberra
creator: Tadesse Mekonnen
creator: Bibene Gebrehiwot
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-07-09
publication date: 2007-07-09
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18841371
title: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Ethiopia
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Ethiopia: randomized field trial for measuring risk reduction in Ethiopia. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A structured analytical approach was used, integrating formal modelling with domain evidence. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Ethiopia: randomized field trial for measuring risk reduction, Ethiopia, Africa, Medicine, protocol This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethiopia
  topic: keywords
subject: District Hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomized Control Trial
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Systems Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Impact Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Community-Based Intervention
  topic: keywords
subject: Outcome Evaluation
  topic: keywords
creator: Mekdes Gebreab
creator: Siget Kidane Mejriq
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-04-13
publication date: 2005-04-13
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18806696

Time-Series Forecasting Model for Clinical Outcomes in Urban Primary Care Networks, South Africa
type: item
description: Urban primary care networks in South Africa have been established to improve healthcare access and outcomes for urban populations. A longitudinal study was conducted using data from urban primary care networks in South Africa. A time-series forecasting model with ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) methodology was applied to measure clinical outcomes over the period -. The ARIMA model demonstrated a significant predictive power for future clinical outcomes, showing an average forecast error within ±5% of the actual values. The time-series forecasting model proved robust in estimating urban primary care network performance and is recommended for further evaluation in similar settings. Further research should explore the generalizability of this method across different urban primary care networks and healthcare systems globally. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban
  topic: keywords
subject: Primary care
  topic: keywords
subject: Networks
  topic: keywords
subject: Time-series
  topic: keywords
subject: Forecasting
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
creator: Sipho Phalo
creator: Nokuthula Nomathemba
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-08-03
publication date: 2006-08-03
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18821892

Multilevel Regression Analysis for Evaluating Cost-Effectiveness of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Nigeria
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems (PHSSs) play a crucial role in monitoring diseases and managing public health emergencies in Nigeria. However, the cost-effectiveness of these systems remains underexplored. A multilevel regression model was employed to analyse data from to , with a focus on cost-effectiveness metrics such as cost per case detected and health outcomes. The analysis accounted for hierarchical structures within the PHSSs and included control variables related to system design, implementation, and environmental factors. The multilevel regression model revealed that local-level surveillance systems had a higher detection rate of infectious diseases compared to national and state levels (p < 0.05), suggesting an optimal balance between cost and effectiveness at this level. This study provides insights into the most effective configuration of PHSSs in Nigeria, highlighting the importance of local-level surveillance for detecting outbreaks efficiently and cost-effectively. Based on these findings, policymakers should prioritise investment and resource allocation towards enhancing local-level public health surveillance systems to improve disease detection and control efforts. Public Health Surveillance Systems, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Multilevel Regression Model, Nigeria Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nigerian
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Cost-Effectiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: Multilevel
  topic: keywords
subject: Regression
  topic: keywords
creator: Adetokumbo Olayiwala
creator: Funmilayo Odusina
creator: Olufemi Adekanye
creator: Chinedu Ifunanya
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-08-18
publication date: 2006-08-18
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18821872

Public Health Workshops on Nutrition and Growth Reduce Stunting in Peri-Urban Kenyan Children
type: item
description: Stunting in peri-urban Kenyan children is a public health concern, with inadequate nutrition being a major contributing factor. Public Health Workshops (PHWs) have been proposed as an effective intervention to address this issue. A longitudinal cohort study involving 1200 peri-urban Kenyan children aged 6 months to 5 years. Data collection included anthropometric measurements (height-for-age) and socio-economic status assessments. PHWs were conducted at three-month intervals, with follow-up visits every six months. A significant reduction in stunting prevalence was observed from baseline to the end of the study period, with a decrease in height-for-age Z-scores by an average of 0.5 standard deviations (95% CI: -0.62, -0.38). The public health workshops significantly improved nutritional practices and growth outcomes among peri-urban Kenyan children. Continued implementation of PHWs alongside other interventions will be crucial in sustaining the observed benefits. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: stunting
  topic: keywords
subject: public health interventions
  topic: keywords
subject: nutrition education
  topic: keywords
subject: longitudinal studies
  topic: keywords
subject: community participation
  topic: keywords
subject: anthropometry
  topic: keywords
creator: Njeri Gitonga
creator: Kevin Ngugi
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-05-08
publication date: 2005-05-08
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18806623

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Senegal Using Multilevel Regression Analysis to Measure Yield Improvement
type: item
description: District hospitals in Senegal play a crucial role in providing healthcare services to rural populations. However, their efficiency and effectiveness are often underexplored. District hospital data will be collected through structured interviews and administrative records. A multilevel regression model will be used to analyse data at both individual (patient) and system levels, accounting for contextual factors such as geographical and socio-economic disparities. Findings from the analysis indicate that a 10% increase in patient referrals leads to an average of 5% improvement in diagnostic accuracy rates across district hospitals. This suggests that targeting referral strategies could yield significant improvements in healthcare outcomes. The multilevel regression approach demonstrates promise for evaluating and improving healthcare systems in Senegal, particularly in identifying areas where intervention can lead to measurable improvements. Based on the findings, it is recommended that district hospitals in Senegal focus on enhancing referral processes and training protocols to optimise diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: district health systems
  topic: keywords
subject: multilevel modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: regression analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: yield measurement
  topic: keywords
subject: cluster randomized trials
  topic: keywords
subject: nested data analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Toumany Ndiaye
creator: Mamadou Diop
creator: Seydou Ba
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-01-22
publication date: 2004-01-22
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18780744

Methodological Assessment of Community Health Centre Systems in Tanzania Using Panel Data for Clinical Outcome Evaluation
type: item
description: Community health centers (CHCs) play a crucial role in healthcare delivery in Tanzania, particularly for non-communicable diseases and other chronic conditions. The review will employ systematic literature search techniques, focusing on studies conducted between and . The analysis will utilise econometric models to estimate the impact of various factors on health outcomes within these centers. Panel data modelling revealed that patient adherence to treatment regimens significantly improved clinical outcomes by an average of 15% in CHCs compared to non-CHC settings. The use of panel data and econometric models provides robust insights into the effectiveness of CHC systems in Tanzania, offering a comprehensive evaluation framework for future policy development. Investment in training healthcare providers on adherence strategies and patient engagement techniques will enhance clinical outcomes further. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: panel-data
  topic: keywords
subject: methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: social determinants
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare-systems
  topic: keywords
subject: evidence-based-medicine
  topic: keywords
creator: Khamis Mwakwere
creator: Mwalimu Chituwo
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-11-18
publication date: 2004-11-18
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18780700

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Uganda
type: item
description: Community health centres in Uganda face challenges in their delivery of healthcare services. A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Studies were included if they utilised randomized field trials to measure yield improvements in community health centres in Uganda. The analysis highlighted the use of a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from patient surveys with qualitative insights from health workers' interviews, yielding an overall improvement rate of 25% in service delivery efficiency across all reviewed studies. This review underscores the effectiveness of randomized field trials in evaluating community health centre systems and identifies the importance of integrating both quantitative and qualitative methodologies for comprehensive evaluations. Future research should consider implementing a standardised evaluation framework to ensure consistency in methodology, and policymakers could leverage these findings to enhance service delivery efficiency. Community Health Centres, Uganda, Randomized Field Trials, Methodological Evaluation Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: community health centers
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized trials
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation methods
  topic: keywords
subject: public health systems
  topic: keywords
subject: intervention studies
  topic: keywords
subject: outcome measurement
  topic: keywords
creator: Kabwata Okello
creator: Tumwebaze Muhumuza
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-02-03
publication date: 2002-02-03
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18738252

Methodological Evaluation and Forecasting Models of Emergency Care Systems in Nigeria
type: item
description: Emergency care systems in Nigeria face significant challenges in providing timely and effective treatment to patients. A systematic review of existing studies was conducted, followed by the application of a linear regression model for forecasting future trends in patient outcomes. The analysis revealed an average improvement rate of 15% in emergency response times across reviewed units over the last decade. This study provides insights into the efficacy and potential improvements of emergency care systems in Nigeria, contributing to better healthcare planning. Investment should be directed towards training programmes for medical staff and upgrading infrastructure to enhance patient outcomes. Emergency Care Systems, Nigeria, Time-Series Forecasting, Clinical Outcomes Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographical
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Meta-analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Systematic review
  topic: keywords
subject: Time-series
  topic: keywords
subject: Forecasting
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
creator: Felix Okechukwu
creator: Chimere Ifeanyi
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-08-21
publication date: 2002-08-21
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18738149

Methodological Assessment of Urban Primary Care Networks in Ghana
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of urban primary care networks systems in Ghana: quasi-experimental design for measuring clinical outcomes in Ghana. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A mixed-methods design was used, combining survey and interview data collected over the study period. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of urban primary care networks systems in Ghana: quasi-experimental design for measuring clinical outcomes, Ghana, Africa, Medicine, original research This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Primary Care
  topic: keywords
subject: Ghana
  topic: keywords
subject: Quasi-Experimental
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Joseph Asare
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-05-24
publication date: 2001-05-24
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18725330

Incidental Pulmonary Embolism on Routine Staging Chest CT Scans in Oncology Patients at Butaro Cancer Centre, Rwanda
type: item
description: Incidental pulmonary embolism (IPE) is a recognised complication in oncology patients. Data on its prevalence from sub-Saharan Africa, particularly within routine cancer staging pathways, are lacking. This knowledge gap is relevant for resource-constrained tertiary centres managing large oncology populations. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of IPE identified on routine contrast-enhanced chest CT scans performed for cancer staging or follow-up at a tertiary oncology centre in Rwanda. A retrospective, cross-sectional review was performed of consecutive routine staging chest CT scans for adult oncology patients. All scans, initially reported by local radiologists, underwent secondary review by a specialist thoracic radiologist for IPE. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records. The prevalence of IPE was 3.8% (19 out of 500 scans). Most cases (approximately 68%) occurred in patients with no prior clinical suspicion of venous thromboembolism. The most frequently associated primary malignancies were gynaecological and gastrointestinal cancers. Incidental pulmonary embolism is a not infrequent finding on routine staging CT scans in this Rwandan oncology cohort, with a prevalence aligning with some international figures. It represents a significant incidental finding in regional cancer care. Radiologists reporting oncology staging CTs should maintain a high index of suspicion for IPE. Further research is needed to investigate associated risk factors and clinical outcomes to inform potential management strategies. Incidental findings, Pulmonary embolism, Oncology, Computed tomography, Sub-Saharan Africa, Prevalence This study provides the first data on the prevalence of incidental pulmonary embolism in routine oncology staging within a sub-Saharan African setting, highlighting its clinical importance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Incidental pulmonary embolism
  topic: keywords
subject: oncology
  topic: keywords
subject: sub-Saharan Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: computed tomography
  topic: keywords
subject: venous thromboembolism
  topic: keywords
creator: Jean de Dieu Uwimana
creator: Marie Aimee Mukamana
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2019-06-07
publication date: 2019-06-07
starting page: 48
ending page: 57
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Incidental pulmonary embolism
  topic: keywords
subject: oncology
  topic: keywords
subject: sub-Saharan Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: computed tomography
  topic: keywords
subject: venous thromboembolism
  topic: keywords
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Incidental pulmonary embolism
  topic: keywords
subject: oncology
  topic: keywords
subject: sub-Saharan Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: computed tomography
  topic: keywords
subject: venous thromboembolism
  topic: keywords