Community-Based Tuberculosis Control Programmes in Nairobi Slums: A Systematic Review of Health Outcomes and Cost Savings

Community-based tuberculosis control programmes in Nairobi slums have been implemented to address high rates of infection among vulnerable populations. A comprehensive search strategy was employed using databases such as PubMed and Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria included studies that reported on community-based tuberculosis control programmes in Nairobi slums during the specified time frame. The review identified a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in new TB cases by 21% over the period, with cost savings attributed to reduced hospitalization rates and increased case detection. Community-based tuberculosis control programmes showed substantial improvements in health outcomes and cost efficiency in Nairobi slums. Further evaluation of these programmes is recommended to identify best practices for broader implementation. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.