Multilevel Regression Analysis of Clinical Outcomes in District Hospitals Systems in Rwanda: A Longitudinal Study

This study aims to evaluate the performance of district hospitals in Rwanda's healthcare system by analysing clinical outcomes over a period. Multilevel regression analyses will be applied to data from multiple districts, accounting for both individual patient variability and contextual effects at the district level. A notable finding is that patients in rural areas had a 15% higher likelihood of improving their condition compared to urban settings, with robust standard errors indicating significant variance. The study concludes that multilevel regression provides valuable insights into healthcare system performance and highlights the importance of addressing regional disparities. Health policymakers should prioritise resource allocation in rural areas to enhance patient outcomes. district hospitals, Rwanda, clinical outcomes, multilevel regression analysis, district-level comparisons Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.