Modernization of Water Supply Systems and Its Impact on Childhood Diarrhea in Ethiopian Villages: A Meta-Analysis

Water supply systems in rural Ethiopian villages often lack modernization, leading to increased prevalence of childhood diarrhea. A systematic review and meta-analysis approach was employed using standardised databases for studies conducted between and . Studies were assessed based on quality, methodology, and outcomes related to childhood diarrhea reduction. The analysis identified a significant trend towards reduced childhood diarrhea incidence by 42% among villages with newly modernized water supply systems compared to those without (p < 0.05). Modernization of water supply systems in Ethiopian rural areas is associated with substantial reductions in childhood diarrhea. Implementing and sustaining modern water supply infrastructure should be prioritised for public health interventions targeting children under five years of age. Water Supply Modernization, Childhood Diarrhea, Meta-Analysis, Ethiopia Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.