Methodological Evaluation of Urban Primary Care Networks in Nigeria Using a Difference-in-Differences Approach for Measuring Clinical Outcomes

Urban primary care networks (PCNs) in Nigeria are crucial for improving access to healthcare services. However, their effectiveness is often underpinned by methodological challenges. A DiD approach was employed to measure changes in patient health outcomes before and after the implementation of PCNs. Data from two cities, A and B, were used for comparison. The DiD analysis revealed a significant improvement (p < 0.05) in patients' recovery times by 12%, suggesting enhanced care coordination within urban PCNs. Urban PCNs appear to be effective in improving clinical outcomes, particularly in reducing patient recovery times. Further studies should explore the scalability and sustainability of these networks across different regions of Nigeria. primary care networks, difference-in-differences, urban healthcare, clinical outcomes Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.