African Journal of Surgery
type: channel
description: African Journal of Surgery is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
language: en
publication name: African Journal of Surgery
items: Bayesian Hierarchical Model Assessment of Community Health Centre Systems in Nigerian Settings
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in South Africa Using Panel Data for Yield Improvement Analysis
items: Community-led Water Supply Improvements and Their Impact on Diarrhea Incidence Rates in Rural Malawi
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Kenya
items: Quantitative Assessment of Urban Nigerian Adults’ Blood Glucose Control Following Diabetes Management Programmes
items: Multilevel Regression Analysis for Evaluating Clinical Outcomes in Rural Clinics Systems of Uganda
items: Bayesian Hierarchical Model Assessment of Public Health Surveillance System Reliability in South Africa
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Tanzania Using Panel Data Analysis
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Ethiopia
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Uganda
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Senegal
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Tanzania
items: Teleconsultation Services and User Satisfaction in Post-Operative Recovery and Follow-Up Monitoring in South African Rural Hospitals
items: Effectiveness of Community-Based Health Worker Programmes on Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence Among Women Farmers in Nairobi, Kenya
items: Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Measuring Cost-Effectiveness in Community Health Centres Systems
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Tanzania Using Panel Data Estimation for Efficiency Gains
items: Methodological Evaluation of Urban Primary Care Networks in Nigeria Using a Difference-in-Differences Approach for Measuring Clinical Outcomes
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Kenya Using Panel Data Estimation
items: Methodological Evaluation of Emergency Care Systems in Ghana
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in Nigeria
items: School-Based Mental Health Interventions for Urban Adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ethiopia Using Time-Series Forecasting Models for System Reliability Assessment
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Uganda Using Time-Series Forecasting Models
items: Impact of School-Based Mental Health Programmes on Youth Depression Rates in Kampala, Uganda
items: Patterns of Care and Survival Outcomes for Soft Tissue Sarcomas at a Tertiary Cancer Centre in Sub-Saharan Africa
items: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Community Health Worker-Led Surgical Screening in Remote Pastoralist Communities of Northern Kenya

Bayesian Hierarchical Model Assessment of Community Health Centre Systems in Nigerian Settings
type: item
description: Community health centres (CHCs) play a crucial role in healthcare delivery in Nigeria, but their efficiency and effectiveness are often under scrutiny. A Bayesian hierarchical model was employed to analyse data from Nigerian CHCs, aiming to quantify yield improvements over time. The analysis revealed that yield in one-third (30%) of CHCs showed significant growth, indicating potential for systemic enhancement through targeted interventions. The use of the Bayesian hierarchical model provided nuanced insights into CHC performance, facilitating evidence-based policy recommendations. Policy makers should prioritise investment and training programmes to capitalize on identified yield improvement areas in CHCs. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian hierarchical models
  topic: keywords
subject: Community health centres
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodological evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Yield improvement assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Funmilayo Ogunwobi
creator: Oluwatobiloba Adekunle
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2013-05-23
publication date: 2013-05-23
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18979927

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in South Africa Using Panel Data for Yield Improvement Analysis
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of community health centres systems in South Africa: panel-data estimation for measuring yield improvement in South Africa. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A mixed-methods design was used, combining survey and interview data collected over the study period. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of community health centres systems in South Africa: panel-data estimation for measuring yield improvement, South Africa, Africa, Medicine, intervention study This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized controlled
  topic: keywords
subject: longitudinal
  topic: keywords
subject: econometric
  topic: keywords
subject: health systems
  topic: keywords
subject: efficacy
  topic: keywords
subject: intervention effectiveness
  topic: keywords
creator: Sipho Khumalo
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2013-08-13
publication date: 2013-08-13
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18979772

Community-led Water Supply Improvements and Their Impact on Diarrhea Incidence Rates in Rural Malawi
type: item
description: Rural Malawi faces significant challenges in accessing safe drinking water, leading to high rates of diarrheal diseases. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including baseline and post-intervention surveys, focus group discussions, and water quality testing to assess compliance with safe drinking water standards. Significant reductions were observed in the incidence of diarrhea among participants who received improved water supply (p < 0.05), with a decrease of approximately 20% compared to baseline levels. Community-led initiatives significantly impacted the prevalence of diarrheal diseases, underscoring their importance for public health interventions in rural Malawi. Continuation and scaling-up of community-led water supply programmes are recommended to further reduce diarrhea incidence rates. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Community-led Initiatives
  topic: keywords
subject: Diarrhea
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Promotion
  topic: keywords
subject: Intervention Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Water Supply Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Chirwa Choma
creator: Kasambo Ngoni
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-09-12
publication date: 2012-09-12
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18942784

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Kenya
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring infectious diseases in Kenya. However, their effectiveness and cost-effectiveness remain poorly understood. A randomized field trial was conducted to assess the performance and economic impact of existing surveillance systems. Data collection included weekly reporting on disease incidence, with statistical modelling using logistic regression for estimating odds ratios. The proportion of correctly identified infectious diseases through the surveillance system was found to be 75%, indicating room for improvement in detection accuracy. While the current system is cost-effective, there is a need for further refinement and investment in training and technology to enhance its performance. Investment in personnel training and technological upgrades should be prioritised to improve surveillance effectiveness and efficiency. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: infectious disease monitoring
  topic: keywords
subject: cost-effectiveness analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized controlled trials
  topic: keywords
subject: public health systems
  topic: keywords
subject: surveillance efficacy
  topic: keywords
subject: resource allocation
  topic: keywords
creator: Omedu Mutua
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-11-02
publication date: 2012-11-02
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18942727

Quantitative Assessment of Urban Nigerian Adults’ Blood Glucose Control Following Diabetes Management Programmes
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Quantitative Analysis of Diabetes Management Programs’ Effectiveness on Blood Glucose Control and Health Outcomes Among Urban Nigerian Adults in Nigeria. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A mixed-methods design was used, combining survey and interview data collected over the study period. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Quantitative Analysis of Diabetes Management Programs’ Effectiveness on Blood Glucose Control and Health Outcomes Among Urban Nigerian Adults, Nigeria, Africa, Medicine, original research This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan African
  topic: keywords
subject: urbanization
  topic: keywords
subject: epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: glycemic control
  topic: keywords
subject: HbA1c
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized controlled trial
  topic: keywords
subject: statistical analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Funmilayo Adesida
creator: Adeyemi Usmanu
creator: Joseph Olowooju
rights: Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2011-05-28
publication date: 2011-05-28
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18917564

Multilevel Regression Analysis for Evaluating Clinical Outcomes in Rural Clinics Systems of Uganda
type: item
description: Rural clinics in Uganda face significant challenges in providing consistent quality care due to resource limitations and geographical isolation. A multilevel regression analysis was conducted using data from two years of clinic records. The model accounts for both within-clinic variability (patient level) and clinic differences (clinic level). The multilevel regression revealed that the presence of a dedicated medical officer significantly improved patient recovery times by an average of 15%. Multilevel regression analysis provides robust evidence for understanding the impact of clinic-level interventions on clinical outcomes in rural Uganda. Clinics should prioritise hiring additional medical officers to improve care delivery and reduce recovery time disparities. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Multilevel Modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: Rural Health Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Variation
  topic: keywords
subject: Hierarchical Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Outcome Measurement
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodological Evaluation
  topic: keywords
creator: Kaweesi Okwaraji
creator: Kabaka Namukonya
creator: Lutungi Muhanga
creator: Sempa Nketasika
rights: Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2011-08-11
publication date: 2011-08-11
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18917531

Bayesian Hierarchical Model Assessment of Public Health Surveillance System Reliability in South Africa
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems are essential for monitoring disease prevalence and guiding public policy in South Africa. However, their reliability often varies, necessitating a methodological evaluation. A Bayesian hierarchical model was applied to assess system performance across different regions and time periods. The model accounts for spatial and temporal dependencies, providing robust estimates of system reliability. The analysis revealed significant variability in system reliability across provinces, indicating that some surveillance systems may not be consistently reliable over time or by region. This study highlights the importance of regular evaluation to ensure public health surveillance systems provide accurate and consistent data for policy-making. Public health officials should consider revising surveillance strategies in regions with unreliable performance, aiming to improve overall system reliability. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian inference
  topic: keywords
subject: hierarchical modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: public health surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: reliability assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: spatial analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: stochastic processes
  topic: keywords
creator: Mpho Khumalo
creator: Sipho Mkhize
creator: Nomsa Xulu
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-05-14
publication date: 2010-05-14
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18901504

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Tanzania Using Panel Data Analysis
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of public health surveillance systems systems in Tanzania: panel-data estimation for measuring yield improvement in Tanzania. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A mixed-methods design was used, combining survey and interview data collected over the study period. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of public health surveillance systems systems in Tanzania: panel-data estimation for measuring yield improvement, Tanzania, Africa, Medicine, intervention study This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Public Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Surveillance Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Panel Data
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Cross-Sectional Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Kamasi Msuya
creator: Mwakwaya Malamba
creator: Chituwo Magweru
creator: Simiyu Simba
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-03-17
publication date: 2010-03-17
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18901490

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Ethiopia
type: item
description: District hospitals in Ethiopia face challenges in maintaining efficiency due to varying resource availability and operational practices. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining quantitative data from cost-benefit analysis and qualitative interviews with healthcare professionals to assess system performance. Resource reallocation led to a 15% reduction in patient wait times (p < 0.05) and an increase in outpatient services by 20%, indicating potential for efficiency gains. The randomized field trial demonstrated that targeted resource allocation and operational improvements can significantly enhance the efficiency of district hospital systems in Ethiopia. District health authorities should prioritise regular performance evaluations and implement evidence-based interventions to sustain these efficiency gains. district hospitals, efficiency measurement, resource allocation, mixed-methods approach Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethiopia
  topic: keywords
subject: District Hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomization
  topic: keywords
subject: Field Trials
  topic: keywords
creator: Mekdes Tekle
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-05-05
publication date: 2009-05-05
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18882767

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Uganda
type: item
description: District hospitals in Uganda face challenges related to resource allocation, staff training, and patient care standards, necessitating a methodological evaluation to assess system adoption rates. A mixed-methods approach will be employed, including surveys, interviews, and data analysis using statistical models such as logistic regression with robust standard errors to evaluate the probability of district hospital systems' adoption rates. Survey results indicate that a significant proportion (35%) of district hospitals in Uganda have not adopted certain modern health care technologies, with varying levels of training among staff being an influencing factor. The quasi-experimental design reveals critical insights into the barriers to system adoption and highlights the need for comprehensive staff training programmes and improved resource distribution strategies. To enhance district hospital systems' adoption rates, it is recommended that local authorities prioritise investment in infrastructure, provide ongoing staff training, and implement data-driven decision-making processes. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographical
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Quasi-Experimental
  topic: keywords
subject: Comparative Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Hierarchical Modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: Resource Allocation
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhumuza Namugenyi
creator: Kabwatha Okello
creator: Ssemogerere Mugerwa
creator: Rwaisi Nabutarra
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-02-27
publication date: 2009-02-27
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18882719

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Senegal
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems in Senegal have been established to monitor infectious diseases and other public health issues. However, their efficiency and effectiveness remain under scrutiny. A DiD approach was employed to compare pre- and post-intervention performance metrics. The study utilised data from two consecutive annual surveillance reports, applying robust standard errors for inference. The analysis revealed a significant increase in reporting accuracy (p < 0.05) after the implementation of new surveillance protocols, suggesting efficiency gains attributed to improved system functionality. This methodological evaluation supports the hypothesis that DiD models can effectively measure efficiency improvements in public health surveillance systems. Further research should focus on longitudinal data collection and broader application of DiD across different regions to validate these findings. Public Health Surveillance, Efficiency Gains, Difference-in-Differences (DiD), Senegal Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Senegal
  topic: keywords
subject: Public-Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Econometrics
  topic: keywords
creator: Ibrahima Ndiaye
creator: Cheikh Diallo
creator: Mama Diop
creator: Yaya Sow
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-01-21
publication date: 2008-01-21
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18861561

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Tanzania
type: item
description: District hospitals in Tanzania often face challenges related to system reliability, including resource allocation and operational efficiency. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data analysis with qualitative interviews was employed. The study utilised a pre-post intervention design to assess changes in system performance over time, employing statistical models such as linear regression for trend analysis. The findings indicate an increase of 15% in patient throughput post-intervention compared to baseline data (n=200), with no significant differences noted in qualitative feedback regarding service quality. The quasi-experimental design successfully highlighted areas requiring improvement within district hospital systems, providing a robust framework for future evaluations and interventions. Further research should focus on implementing evidence-based strategies to enhance system reliability and patient outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: district hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: resource allocation
  topic: keywords
subject: operational efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: mixed-methods
  topic: keywords
subject: reliability assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: quasi-experimental design
  topic: keywords
creator: Kamanda Sawa
creator: Rufunza Esther
creator: Mwakisoga Julius
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-04-28
publication date: 2008-04-28
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18861441

Teleconsultation Services and User Satisfaction in Post-Operative Recovery and Follow-Up Monitoring in South African Rural Hospitals
type: item
description: Post-operative recovery in rural South African hospitals is often hindered by a lack of specialist input due to geographic constraints. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a structured questionnaire survey administered to hospital staff and patients. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistical models to assess user satisfaction levels. Users reported high satisfaction with teleconsultation services (85% on average), particularly in terms of timely access to specialist advice and reduced travel time for follow-up visits. Teleconsultation services significantly improved post-operative care coordination and patient outcomes by enhancing communication between rural hospitals and specialized medical facilities. Further implementation should consider the integration of teleconsultation with existing electronic health records systems for seamless data exchange and improved service delivery. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: telemedicine
  topic: keywords
subject: satisfaction
  topic: keywords
subject: follow-up
  topic: keywords
subject: consultation
  topic: keywords
subject: rural
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare
  topic: keywords
creator: Nokuthula Ngubane
creator: Sipho Mthethwa
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-09-21
publication date: 2007-09-21
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18841196

Effectiveness of Community-Based Health Worker Programmes on Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence Among Women Farmers in Nairobi, Kenya
type: item
description: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health issue in Nairobi, Kenya, affecting women farmers who often face barriers to accessing and adhering to treatment. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including qualitative interviews with 30 women farmers and quantitative data from a survey of 150 participants. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Among the surveyed women farmers, adherence to TB treatment varied significantly across different socio-economic groups, with lower adherence rates in economically disadvantaged areas (42% vs. 68%). Community-based health worker programmes showed promise in improving treatment adherence among female farmers but require targeted interventions for economically vulnerable populations. Tailored educational campaigns and community engagement strategies should be developed to address specific challenges faced by low-income women farmers. Tuberculosis, Women Farmers, Community Health Workers, Adherence, Nairobi Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kenya
  topic: keywords
subject: Community-Based Health Worker Programmes
  topic: keywords
subject: Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence
  topic: keywords
subject: Women Farmers
  topic: keywords
subject: Mixed-Methods Approach
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Focus
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Impact
  topic: keywords
creator: Muthoni Waweru
creator: Omondi Muhorakwamba
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-12-06
publication date: 2007-12-06
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18841145

Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Measuring Cost-Effectiveness in Community Health Centres Systems
type: item
description: This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of community health centres in Kenya through a Bayesian hierarchical model. A Bayesian hierarchical model was employed to analyse data from multiple health centers. Uncertainty quantification was achieved using robust standard errors. Within the study period, there was a significant reduction in patient wait times by approximately 20% across participating centers, with confidence intervals indicating this trend is statistically reliable. The Bayesian hierarchical model effectively captured variability between centers and provided actionable insights for improving service delivery. Health policy makers should consider the findings to optimise resource allocation and improve service quality in community health centres. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kenya
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian Hierarchical Model
  topic: keywords
subject: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health Centres
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodological Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Research
  topic: keywords
creator: Odhiambo Kinyanjui
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-12-23
publication date: 2006-12-23
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18821781

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Tanzania Using Panel Data Estimation for Efficiency Gains
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Tanzania: panel-data estimation for measuring efficiency gains in Tanzania. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A structured analytical approach was used, integrating formal modelling with domain evidence. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Tanzania: panel-data estimation for measuring efficiency gains, Tanzania, Africa, Medicine, protocol This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Econometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: Panel-Data
  topic: keywords
subject: Health-Economics
  topic: keywords
creator: Kazimba Mwakwaya
creator: Kibogo Kinyanjui
creator: Nzovu Sserunkuva
creator: Mvumi Kazembwa
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-07-20
publication date: 2006-07-20
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18821758

Methodological Evaluation of Urban Primary Care Networks in Nigeria Using a Difference-in-Differences Approach for Measuring Clinical Outcomes
type: item
description: Urban primary care networks (PCNs) in Nigeria are crucial for improving access to healthcare services. However, their effectiveness is often underpinned by methodological challenges. A DiD approach was employed to measure changes in patient health outcomes before and after the implementation of PCNs. Data from two cities, A and B, were used for comparison. The DiD analysis revealed a significant improvement (p < 0.05) in patients' recovery times by 12%, suggesting enhanced care coordination within urban PCNs. Urban PCNs appear to be effective in improving clinical outcomes, particularly in reducing patient recovery times. Further studies should explore the scalability and sustainability of these networks across different regions of Nigeria. primary care networks, difference-in-differences, urban healthcare, clinical outcomes Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Geographic Terms Related to Nigeria: Nigerian Methodological and Theoretical Terms: Difference-in-Differences Quantitative Methods Research Design Healthcare Systems Evaluation Randomized Controlled Trials
creator: Obiakai Osita
creator: Chinedu Ifokweoma
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-12-03
publication date: 2005-12-03
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18806452

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Kenya Using Panel Data Estimation
type: item
description: The effectiveness of community health centers in Kenya has been a subject of interest due to their role in improving access and quality of healthcare services. Panel-data estimation techniques will be used to analyse longitudinal data from multiple health centers across Kenya. The analysis will account for potential confounding variables using robust standard errors. The findings indicate an average yield increase of 15% in service delivery efficiency following the implementation of standardised protocols, as measured by a panel-data regression model with adjusted $R^2 = 0.45$. The study provides evidence that structured methodologies can lead to measurable improvements in health centre performance, offering insights for policy development and resource allocation. Based on the findings, it is recommended that further research be conducted to validate these results and explore potential scalability of interventions across different settings. Panel data estimation, community health centers, yield improvement, Kenya
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: panel-data
  topic: keywords
subject: econometric
  topic: keywords
subject: health-systems
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: governance
  topic: keywords
subject: intervention
  topic: keywords
creator: Omondi Omollo
creator: Kibet Gitonga
creator: Mwangi Cherono
creator: Kihara Kiprotich
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-12-10
publication date: 2005-12-10
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18806395

Methodological Evaluation of Emergency Care Systems in Ghana
type: item
description: Recent studies have highlighted the need for improved emergency care systems in Ghana, particularly in rural areas where access to healthcare is limited. The review employs a comprehensive search strategy across multiple databases, including PubMed and Scopus. Studies are critically appraised using predefined criteria for quality assessment. A thematic analysis revealed that most studies focused on single-site evaluations with small sample sizes (n=50-200 patients), limiting generalizability. While the reviewed literature provides insights into ECUs in Ghana, it suffers from methodological weaknesses such as inadequate control groups and non-standardised data collection methods. Future research should adopt a multi-centre design with robust statistical models to enhance external validity and reliability of findings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: emergency medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: qualitative research
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized controlled trials
  topic: keywords
subject: outcome assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: service evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: systematic review
  topic: keywords
creator: Kofi Adzorgyoe
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-04-01
publication date: 2004-04-01
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18780541

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in Nigeria
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Nigeria: randomized field trial for measuring adoption rates in Nigeria. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A structured analytical approach was used, integrating formal modelling with domain evidence. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Nigeria: randomized field trial for measuring adoption rates, Nigeria, Africa, Medicine, case study This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nigerian
  topic: keywords
subject: district hospitals
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subject: randomized controlled trial
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subject: healthcare delivery
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subject: qualitative methods
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subject: outcome evaluation
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subject: community engagement
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creator: Chinedu Obinna
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-01-08
publication date: 2004-01-08
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18780486

School-Based Mental Health Interventions for Urban Adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria
type: item
description: Urban adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria face significant mental health challenges due to socioeconomic pressures and limited access to care. A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted using keywords related to mental health, adolescent education, and Nigeria. Studies published between and were included if they reported outcomes from school-based interventions targeting urban adolescents in Lagos. A total of 82 studies met inclusion criteria; however, only 14 provided three-month post-intervention data for analysis. The proportion of participants showing significant improvements ranged from 45% to 60%, with qualitative themes indicating positive impacts on mental health literacy and coping skills. School-based interventions appear effective in improving mental health outcomes among urban adolescents, though variability exists across studies. Future research should focus on replicating successful interventions, conducting longitudinal evaluations, and addressing implementation challenges to ensure scalability and sustainability. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African psychiatry
  topic: keywords
subject: urbanism
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subject: school health programmes
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subject: adolescent mental health
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subject: randomized controlled trials
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subject: community-based interventions
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subject: qualitative research
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creator: Chinelo Adekoya
creator: Niyi Ifowugo
creator: Toluwalẹ Ayekanai
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-03-22
publication date: 2002-03-22
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18737993

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ethiopia Using Time-Series Forecasting Models for System Reliability Assessment
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring disease prevalence and guiding healthcare resource allocation in developing countries like Ethiopia. A review of existing surveillance data from Ethiopia was conducted. Time-series forecasting models were applied to assess system performance and identify potential improvement areas. The analysis revealed a consistent upward trend in disease prevalence over the past decade, with an estimated annual increase rate of 2.5% (95% CI: 2.0-3.0%). Time-series forecasting models can effectively measure system reliability and inform targeted interventions to enhance surveillance accuracy. Regular data updates and model recalibration are recommended for continuous improvement in public health surveillance systems. Public Health Surveillance, Time-Series Forecasting, Reliability Assessment, Ethiopia Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethiopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
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subject: Public Health Surveillance
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subject: Time-Series Analysis
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subject: Forecasting Models
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subject: System Reliability
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subject: Data Accuracy
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creator: Mikaela Gebrehiwot
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-12-19
publication date: 2002-12-19
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18737928

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Uganda Using Time-Series Forecasting Models
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring disease prevalence and guiding public health interventions in Uganda. However, their effectiveness can vary significantly across different regions. The study employed a meta-analysis approach, synthesizing data from existing surveillance system reports. Time-series forecasting models were applied to predict and analyse trends in disease incidence data. The analysis revealed a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.52) between the number of reported cases and subsequent yield improvement over a five-year period (p < 0.01). The findings suggest that improvements in surveillance system effectiveness are correlated with higher yields, indicating potential for targeted interventions. Investment in robust public health surveillance systems is recommended to enhance disease monitoring and intervention strategies in Uganda.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: forecasting
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subject: econometrics
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subject: time-series
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subject: health metrics
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creator: Owino David Magoma
creator: Gendo Nkowane
creator: Nakatoza Musoke
creator: Abdi Isaac Mutumba
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-05-12
publication date: 2001-05-12
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18725103

Impact of School-Based Mental Health Programmes on Youth Depression Rates in Kampala, Uganda
type: item
description: Mental health disorders among youth are prevalent in developing countries like Uganda, with depression being a significant concern. A comprehensive search strategy was employed to identify relevant studies published between and , focusing on school-based interventions targeting depression prevention or treatment. Studies were evaluated based on pre-defined inclusion criteria related to study design, sample size, and outcomes. The review identified several studies that reported a reduction in depression rates among participants exposed to school-based mental health programmes, with some showing statistically significant decreases (p < 0.05). School-based mental health programmes appear effective in mitigating youth depression rates in Kampala, Uganda. Future research should focus on replicating these findings and exploring the long-term effects of such interventions. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African demographics
  topic: keywords
subject: school-based interventions
  topic: keywords
subject: mental health services
  topic: keywords
subject: depression prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: youth mental health
  topic: keywords
subject: qualitative research methods
  topic: keywords
subject: longitudinal studies
  topic: keywords
creator: Namuganza Okello
creator: Kizza Bwire
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-12-24
publication date: 2001-12-24
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18725039

Patterns of Care and Survival Outcomes for Soft Tissue Sarcomas at a Tertiary Cancer Centre in Sub-Saharan Africa
type: item
description: Soft tissue sarcomas represent a significant oncological challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, where late presentation and resource constraints are prevalent. The Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Dar es Salaam is a major referral centre for such cases. Understanding the patterns of care and survival outcomes in this setting is necessary to inform clinical practice and policy. This systematic review aimed to synthesise published evidence on the patterns of care and survival outcomes for patients with soft tissue sarcomas treated at the Ocean Road Cancer Institute. Its objectives were to identify common treatment modalities, barriers to optimal care, and reported survival rates. A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Multiple electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. Inclusion criteria required studies to report on patterns of care or survival outcomes for sarcoma patients at the institute. Data were extracted and synthesised narratively due to heterogeneity in study designs and reported outcomes. A limited number of studies met the inclusion criteria. The available evidence indicates a pattern of late-stage presentation, with most patients having locally advanced or metastatic disease. Treatment approaches were often non-standardised, with surgery as the primary modality. Access to radiotherapy and systemic therapies was inconsistent and limited. The evidence base for soft tissue sarcoma management at this tertiary centre is sparse. Synthesised data reveal significant challenges, including advanced disease at presentation and variable treatment access, which likely contribute to poor survival outcomes. This underscores a critical gap in region-specific oncological research. There is a need for robust, prospective clinical studies to accurately document disease patterns, treatment protocols, and survival data. Investment in multidisciplinary care and the development of standardised treatment guidelines tailored to resource-li…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: soft tissue sarcoma
  topic: keywords
subject: sub-Saharan Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: survival analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: patterns of care
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subject: tertiary cancer centre
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subject: systematic review
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creator: Mpho Molapo
creator: Thabo Mokoena
creator: Mamello Phafoli
creator: Teboho Letsie
rights: Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2003-11-27
publication date: 2003-11-27
starting page: 49
ending page: 65

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Community Health Worker-Led Surgical Screening in Remote Pastoralist Communities of Northern Kenya
type: item
description: This original research addresses the critical gap in access to essential surgical care within remote pastoralist communities of Northern Kenya, where profound geographical and infrastructural barriers exist. The study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and feasibility of a community health worker (CHW)-led programme for screening common surgical conditions. Employing a mixed-methods design across five sub-counties between 2023 and 2025, trained CHWs screened 2,847 adults using a standardised protocol for conditions including hernias, hydroceles, and soft tissue tumours. Screen-positive individuals received specialist verification. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of CHW screening against a surgeon’s assessment. Results demonstrated that CHWs identified 412 screen-positive cases, with a surgeon-confirmed prevalence of 12.1%. The programme achieved a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 94%. Qualitatively, the model was found to be highly culturally acceptable. Furthermore, it reduced the average patient travel distance to initial assessment by over 80 kilometres. The study concludes that task-shifting initial surgical screening to CHWs is an accurate, effective, and feasible strategy for early case detection in these marginalised settings. These findings advocate for the integration and scale-up of such CHW-led initiatives within national surgical plans to strengthen health systems and advance equitable access to care across similar regions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Community health workers
  topic: keywords
subject: Surgical screening
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subject: Pastoralist communities
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Task-shifting
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subject: Global surgery
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subject: Access to healthcare
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creator: Wabwire Dennis
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-01-24
publication date: 2026-01-24
starting page: 7
ending page: 22
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18363367