{ "background": "Agricultural insurance models are critical tools for risk management in smallholder farming systems across Africa. South Sudan and Nigeria, with their distinct socio-economic contexts, have implemented various agricultural insurance programmes to mitigate risks associated with crop failures, livestock diseases, and weather-related disasters.", "purposeandobjectives": "This comparative study aims to evaluate the efficacy of existing agricultural insurance models in South Sudan and Nigeria, focusing on their impact on smallholder farmers' financial stability. The objectives are to identify key risk areas covered by each model, assess the level of farmer participation, and measure the economic benefits derived from these schemes.", "methodology": "The study employs a mixed-methods approach involving both quantitative data analysis (from insurance claims records) and qualitative interviews with farmers and insurance providers in South Sudan and Nigeria. Data collection was conducted through structured surveys and semi-structured interviews to gather comprehensive insights into the operational aspects of agricultural insurance models.", "findings": "Findings indicate that while both countries have seen an increase in farmer enrollment, Nigeria's model has a higher participation rate (75%) compared to South Sudan (60%), suggesting potential differences in outreach strategies and policy support. In terms of economic benefits, the Nigerian scheme yields an average premium savings of 20% for insured farmers.", "conclusion": "The comparative analysis reveals significant disparities between agricultural insurance models in South Sudan and Nigeria, with Nigeria demonstrating a more effective implementation framework that could serve as a model for future expansion in other African contexts.", "recommendations": "Recommendation includes the need for further research on the long-term impacts of these insurance schemes, particularly their effect on poverty reduction and food security. Policy recommendations suggest integrating agricultural insurance into broader rural development strategies to enhance its reach and effectiveness.", "keywords": "Agricultural Insurance, Smallholder Farmers, Risk Management, Nigeria, South Sudan", "contribution_statement": "This study introduces a comparative framework for evaluating agricultural insurance models in two African countries, providing novel insights that can inform the design of more