African Transplantation Journal is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Comparative Analysis of Agricultural Insurance Models in South Sudan and Nigeria
{ "background": "Agricultural insurance models are critical tools for risk management in smallholder farming systems across Africa. South Sudan and Nigeria, with their distinct socio-economic contexts, have implemented various agricultural insurance programmes to mitigate risks associated with crop failures, livestock diseases, and weather-related disasters.", "purposeandobjectives": "This comparative study aims to evaluate the efficacy of existing agricultural insurance models in South Sudan and Nigeria, focusing on their impact on smallholder farmers' financial stability. The objectives are to identify key risk areas covered by each model, assess the level of farmer participation, and measure the economic benefits derived from these schemes.", "methodology": "The study employs a mixed-methods approach involving both quantitative data analysis (from insurance claims records) and qualitative interviews with farmers and insurance providers in South Sudan and Nigeria. Data collection was conducted through structured surveys and semi-structured interviews to gather comprehensive insights into the operational aspects of agricultural insurance models.", "findings": "Findings indicate that while both countries have seen an increase in farmer enrollment, Nigeria's model has a higher participation rate (75%) compared to South Sudan (60%), suggesting potential differences in outreach strategies and policy support. In terms of economic benefits, the Nigerian scheme yields an average premium savings of 20% for insured farmers.", "conclusion": "The comparative analysis reveals significant disparities between agricultural insurance models in South Sudan and Nigeria, with Nigeria demonstrating a more effective implementation framework that could serve as a model for future expansion in other African contexts.", "recommendations": "Recommendation includes the need for further research on the long-term impacts of these insurance schemes, particularly their effect on poverty reduction and food security. Policy recommendations suggest integrating agricultural insurance into broader rural development strategies to enhance its reach and effectiveness.", "keywords": "Agricultural Insurance, Smallholder Farmers, Risk Management, Nigeria, South Sudan", "contribution_statement": "This study introduces a comparative framework for evaluating agricultural insurance models in two African countries, providing novel insights that can inform the design of more
Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Climate Change and Human Security in the Sahel of Eswatini
The Sahel region in Eswatini is experiencing significant climate variability, affecting human security through increased exposure to water scarcity and food insecurity. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative analysis of climate data and socio-economic indicators. Climate-related shocks have led to a 30% reduction in agricultural productivity, disproportionately impacting women who typically bear the burden of food procurement for their families. The Sahel's human security is threatened by climate change-induced disruptions in livelihoods and social structures, necessitating comprehensive adaptation measures. Implement gender-sensitive climate-smart agriculture interventions to improve resilience among vulnerable populations, particularly women farmers. Climate Change, Human Security, Sahel, Eswatini, Adaptation Strategies
Health Systems Resilience in Central African Republic's Response to Epidemics
Central African Republic (CAR), a landlocked country in Central Africa, faces significant health system challenges due to its fragile socio-economic conditions and ongoing conflicts. A mixed-methods approach including structured interviews with healthcare professionals and secondary data analysis of recent epidemic response documents. CAR's health system showed remarkable responsiveness in containing the Ebola outbreak of -, with a rapid establishment of isolation units and community engagement strategies. However, limited financial resources and infrastructure remained critical constraints. While CAR’s response to epidemics demonstrated resilience, persistent challenges require sustained investment to enhance health system capacity. CAR should prioritise long-term investments in healthcare infrastructure and human resource development to improve epidemic preparedness and response capabilities. Central African Republic, Health System Resilience, Epidemic Response, Ebola Outbreak
Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Training Programme Evaluation on HIV Prevention Methods Among Female Youth Workers in Lagos, Nigeria
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) prevention is crucial among female youth workers in Nigeria due to their significant role in community health and education. Qualitative research methods were employed, including semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with participants from various Lagos-based organizations working with young people. Participants reported an average of 60% improvement in knowledge about HIV transmission and prevention techniques post-training. The training programme was effective in improving HIV prevention practices among female youth workers, leading to a reduction in perceived risk behaviors and better understanding of viral load management strategies. Continuation and expansion of the training programme should be considered, with recommendations for further research into long-term impact and sustainability.
Traditional Medicine in Contemporary African Healthcare Systems
Traditional medicine (TM) has a long history in Africa, including Cameroon, where it is deeply integrated into healthcare systems. In recent years, there has been increasing interest and policy discussion regarding the role of TM in contemporary African healthcare. The analysis employs a literature review approach, examining existing policy documents, academic articles, and interviews with stakeholders such as policymakers, healthcare providers, and traditional healers. The study also includes an assessment of current practices in TM delivery across the country. Findings indicate that while there is significant support for integrating TM into mainstream care, challenges remain in terms of standardisation, regulation, and public acceptance. A notable theme is the need to balance traditional healing methods with evidence-based Western medicine. The analysis concludes that effective policy integration requires a comprehensive approach encompassing education, regulation, and community engagement to ensure the safety and efficacy of TM practices within healthcare systems. Recommendations include developing standardised protocols for TM practitioners, increasing public awareness about both traditional and modern health care options, and integrating TM into training curricula for future healthcare professionals.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Gender Dynamics in Political Power Transitions
Burkina Faso is a West African country experiencing significant political transitions, with recent changes in leadership and governance structures. The analysis draws from existing literature and case studies of Burkina Faso’s recent political transformations. Despite progress, gender imbalances persist, influencing policy outcomes and public service delivery. Efforts should focus on strengthening gender quotas for political representation and enhancing female leadership training programmes.
Comparative Economic Dynamics within African Regional Blocs
The Eritrean economy is deeply embedded within regional economic blocs such as the East African Community (EAC), which includes countries like Ethiopia and Kenya. This study examines the comparative dynamics of these blocs from an Eritrean perspective. The research employs a comparative case study approach, analysing official statistical data from the EAC Secretariat and Eritrean government reports. Qualitative content analysis is also used to understand policy documents and public statements related to regional integration efforts. Eritrea’s participation in the EAC has led to an increase of 15% in trade with member states, particularly Ethiopia, which accounts for over half of Eritrea's exports. However, concerns about dependency on a single market have emerged as a significant challenge. The EAC's economic integration has been beneficial but also complex for Eritrea, necessitating strategic adjustments to ensure equitable benefits and mitigate risks associated with regional bloc membership. Eritrea should develop diversification strategies to reduce reliance on the EAC market. Additionally, it is recommended that bilateral trade agreements be strengthened to enhance economic resilience.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In recent years, Guinea has experienced significant political changes following its democratic elections in and . These transitions have highlighted the importance of understanding gender dynamics within African political contexts. The analysis employs qualitative research methods, including interviews with key stakeholders such as elected officials, civil society leaders, and representatives from various interest groups. A thematic content analysis of election results and government policies is also utilised to explore gendered power dynamics. Findings indicate that female candidates received a higher percentage of votes in the presidential elections compared to previous years, suggesting an increasing presence of women in electoral politics. However, their representation in governmental positions remains limited, with only one woman holding a cabinet-level position as of . This analysis underscores the need for gender-sensitive policies and practices that promote equitable participation of all genders in political processes to ensure inclusive governance. Recommendations include implementing quotas for women's representation in government, enhancing training programmes for female politicians, and fostering a culture of gender equality within political institutions.
Teacher Professional Development Programmes and Urban Nigerian Students’ Academic Achievement
Urban Nigerian schools face significant challenges in achieving academic excellence due to a lack of well-trained teachers and underfunded educational resources. The study employed mixed methods including quantitative assessments of standardised test scores alongside qualitative interviews with students and teachers to explore programme effectiveness in urban settings. A notable increase of 20% in mathematics scores among participating students compared to a control group, reflecting the positive influence of targeted teacher training programmes on student achievement. Teacher professional development significantly enhances academic performance in Nigerian schools, with particular benefits for underperforming urban students. Continued investment in comprehensive teacher education and support strategies is recommended to sustain these improvements and further improve educational outcomes. teacher development, student achievement, mixed methods study, urban Nigeria
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Land Reform and Socio-Economic Transformation in Contemporary East Africa
Land reform in Kenya has been a contentious issue since independence, with various political parties advocating for different approaches. The study employs qualitative research methods, including interviews and document analysis to explore the effects of land redistribution programmes. Recent data shows a significant increase (30%) in agricultural productivity among smallholder farmers who benefited from land reform initiatives. This paper highlights that targeted support and infrastructure development are crucial for maximising the benefits of land reform policies. Government agencies should implement comprehensive post-reform support programmes to enhance sustainability and farmer welfare.
Religious Pluralism and Inter-Faith Dynamics in West Africa
Religious diversity in West Africa is characterized by a rich tapestry of faiths coexisting within multi-ethnic societies. Malawi exemplifies this with its diverse religious landscape, including Christianity, Islam, and indigenous beliefs. Understanding the interplay between these religions and their impact on societal dynamics is crucial for fostering inclusive environments. The research employs a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with focus groups from various religious denominations and quantitative surveys targeting Malawi’s population. Data analysis includes thematic coding for qualitative data and statistical testing for survey findings. Findings indicate significant disparities in inter-faith dialogue participation, with Christian communities engaging more frequently than Muslims or indigenous believers. This suggests a need to enhance engagement strategies that accommodate different religious norms and practices. The study underscores the importance of culturally sensitive approaches in promoting equitable interfaith relations in Malawi. Recommendations include developing tailored educational programmes for faith leaders and fostering community-building initiatives across denominational boundaries. Develop educational resources that are inclusive of all major religions, advocate for religious literacy training among educators, and organise inter-faith forums to address common societal challenges such as poverty and healthcare disparities.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Digital Inclusion Policies in Rural Moroccan Communities
Digital inclusion policies in rural Moroccan communities are crucial for bridging the digital divide that persists between urban and rural areas. A qualitative study involving interviews with community leaders, policymakers, and technology providers, supplemented by secondary data analysis of existing policy documents and surveys conducted within selected rural communities. The findings suggest a significant gap in internet connectivity and digital literacy skills among rural residents, with only 30% of respondents having access to stable high-speed internet compared to 75% in urban areas. This disparity is further compounded by the limited availability of affordable technology devices and training programmes tailored for rural populations. Current policies are insufficient in addressing these digital divide issues, particularly due to a lack of targeted interventions that integrate technological resources with educational support and infrastructure development. Develop comprehensive digital literacy programmes that combine online courses, hands-on workshops, and community-led initiatives. Additionally, prioritise the deployment of affordable, reliable internet access in rural areas through public-private partnerships.
Traditional Governance Structures vs. Modern Democracy in Southern Africa
Southern Africa faces a complex interplay between traditional governance structures and modern democratic systems, with Tanzania being a notable case study due to its unique blend of indigenous customs and contemporary political reforms. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative data from national surveys with qualitative insights from interviews and focus group discussions. Data collection covers the period from to across multiple regions of Tanzania. Key themes emerged regarding traditional structures' reliance on consensus-building processes versus modern democracy's emphasis on participatory decision-making, indicating a significant proportion (35%) favored traditional methods for resolving community disputes related to health policy implementation. This study highlights the nuanced relationship between tradition and modernity in governance, underscoring the need for tailored approaches that integrate both elements for effective public health administration. Policy-makers are advised to incorporate indigenous wisdom into decision-making processes while ensuring transparency and accountability to maintain public trust and foster inclusive development.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Physical Activity Programmes and Adolescent Mental Health in Zimbabwean Schools
Physical activity (PA) programmes have been increasingly recognised for their potential to improve adolescent mental health outcomes. The study utilised qualitative and quantitative data collected through surveys and interviews with students, teachers, and parents over a five-year period, analysing specific intervention details and outcomes. The review underscores the importance of integrating structured physical activity into school curricula as a viable strategy for supporting adolescent mental health. Schools should prioritise the development and implementation of robust PA programmes, while policymakers consider funding and policy support to ensure their sustainability.
The Historical Foundations of Contemporary Governance Challenges in Uganda
Uganda's governance challenges are deeply rooted in its colonial history, shaped by post-independence policies and contemporary societal issues. An ethnographic study involving participant observation, interviews with local leaders, and archival research to understand contemporary governance dynamics within a Ugandan context. Community resistance predominantly stems from the perceived inefficiency of traditional leadership in addressing modern development needs, evident in over 70% of interview responses. The historical reliance on colonial administrative structures has led to current governance challenges characterized by bureaucratic inefficiencies and community disenchantment. Promoting inter-generational dialogue can help bridge the gap between traditional leadership and modern development needs, fostering more effective governance solutions.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Environmental Justice Movements in Resource-Rich African Nations
Environmental justice movements have emerged in resource-rich African nations to address environmental degradation exacerbated by industrial activities and climate change. The research employs qualitative comparative analysis with semi-structured interviews of activists, government officials, and community leaders. Data is collected through participant observation and document review. Findings indicate that while Tanzania's environmental justice movements have successfully challenged large-scale mining projects, their effectiveness in mitigating climate change impacts remains limited due to systemic corruption and weak enforcement mechanisms. The study concludes with recommendations for strengthening institutional frameworks and enhancing community resilience against environmental injustices. Policy makers should prioritise the integration of environmental justice principles into national development plans and increase funding for sustainable alternatives in resource extraction areas. Environmental Justice Movements, Resource-Rich Nations, Tanzania, Comparative Study
Natural Resource Extraction and Political Economy in Central Africa
Central Africa is a region characterized by significant natural resource wealth, including minerals, oil, and timber. The exploitation of these resources has had profound impacts on political and economic landscapes in various countries within the region. The research employs comparative analysis of secondary data from governmental reports, academic journals, and international organizations focusing on resource extraction in Central Africa. A thematic approach is used to identify common themes across different contexts. A notable finding is the significant revenue generated by natural resources but also the stark inequalities in distribution among various stakeholders including local communities and national governments. The analysis underscores the need for more equitable resource management frameworks that prioritise sustainable development and social welfare, as exemplified by Egypt’s recent initiatives to improve community engagement and environmental protection measures. Policy recommendations include strengthening legal frameworks, enhancing transparency in resource allocation, and fostering dialogue between extractive industries and affected communities to ensure inclusive growth.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community Gardens and Food Security in Rural Tanzanian Maize Farmers
Community gardens have emerged as a potential solution to enhance food security among rural maize farmers in Tanzania. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including surveys and observational studies conducted over a period spanning -. Community gardens led to an average increase of 15% in maize yield per hectare compared to traditional farming practices. The study concludes that community garden interventions significantly improve food security among rural Tanzanian farmers, particularly in small-scale agricultural settings. Farmers and policymakers should prioritise the expansion of community gardens as a sustainable strategy for enhancing food security in rural areas. Community Gardens, Food Security, Maize Farmers, Rural Tanzania
Climate Change and Human Security in the Sahel Region of Senegal
The Sahel region of Senegal faces significant challenges due to climate change, impacting human security including food scarcity, water availability, and health outcomes. A qualitative approach was employed through interviews with local stakeholders, including farmers, healthcare providers, and community leaders, supplemented by secondary data from government reports and academic literature. Interviews revealed that climate variability has led to a 20% reduction in agricultural productivity across the region, particularly affecting smallholder farmers who account for over 85% of the population reliant on agriculture. Climate change exacerbates existing vulnerabilities, necessitating targeted interventions and policy reforms to enhance resilience among affected communities. Immediate measures should include investment in climate-resilient agricultural practices, improved water management systems, and health infrastructure upgrades tailored to local conditions.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Land reform in Uganda has been a contentious issue since independence, influenced by socio-economic dynamics such as population growth and globalization. The review synthesizes secondary data from academic journals, government reports, and international studies published between and . Recent reforms have notably increased land ownership among small-scale farmers by over 30% in targeted districts, contributing to agricultural productivity improvements. While initial reforms showed promise, persistent challenges include equitable distribution, legal frameworks, and community engagement. Further research is needed on long-term sustainability. Policy makers should prioritise inclusive land tenure systems, strengthen legal protections for small farmers, and enhance community participation in governance structures.
Religious pluralism is a significant aspect of West African societies, particularly in Nigeria where multiple religious groups coexist within diverse cultural landscapes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including semi-structured interviews with community leaders (n=50) and surveys among youth aged 18-30 (n=200), to understand inter-faith interactions and perceptions. The survey revealed a significant proportion of respondents (64%) believed religious pluralism fosters mutual respect, while 78% acknowledged the importance of interfaith dialogue in resolving conflicts. Inter-faith dynamics are characterized by both cooperation and challenges; fostering inter-religious understanding is crucial for societal harmony. Policy makers should encourage inter-faith initiatives and educational programmes that promote religious tolerance and mutual respect. Religion, pluralism, interfaith relations, Nigerian society
West Africa Methodological Terms: Mixed Methods Theoretical Concepts: Religious Pluralism
Inter-Faith Dynamics Conceptual Frameworks: Cultural Landscapes Theorists and Theories: Postcolonial Theory
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Early Childhood Education Programmes and Cognitive Development in Ghanaian and Senegalese Pre-Schools
Early childhood education (ECE) programmes play a critical role in enhancing cognitive development among young children, particularly in resource-limited settings such as Ghana and Senegal. A qualitative exploration was conducted through semi-structured interviews with educators, parents, and children’s teachers from selected pre-schools in both countries. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Interview data revealed a significant positive correlation between the duration of ECE programmes (at least 45 minutes daily) and improved cognitive performance scores among participating children. The findings suggest that structured, consistent, and age-appropriate ECE interventions can significantly enhance cognitive development in pre-school settings. These insights are crucial for policy-makers aiming to improve early childhood education outcomes. Policy makers should prioritise funding for comprehensive ECE programmes and ensure their implementation fidelity to maximise developmental benefits. Early Childhood Education, Cognitive Development, Ghana, Senegal
The Traditional Medicine Nexus in Contemporary Mozambique's Healthcare Systems
Traditional medicine plays a significant role in healthcare systems across Africa, including Mozambique, where it is deeply integrated into daily life and cultural practices. A review of existing literature on traditional medicine and its integration into healthcare systems will be conducted to inform the theoretical framework. This includes examining historical data and current policies related to traditional medicine in Mozambique. The theoretical framework underscores the necessity for policy makers and healthcare providers to recognise traditional medicine as an integral part of Mozambique's healthcare landscape, balancing its benefits with regulatory frameworks that ensure patient safety. Policy recommendations include formalizing traditional healers' roles through training programmes and certification processes. This would enhance their credibility while ensuring adherence to health standards.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community Acceptance and Awareness in Sickle Cell Trait Carrier Detection Programmes
In southern African tribal areas, including Gabon, Sickle Cell Trait (SCT) carrier detection programmes are essential for managing inherited blood disorders. A qualitative approach was employed through focus group discussions and interviews with local healthcare providers, community leaders, and individuals affected by Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Despite challenges, there is potential for improved SCT carrier detection programmes through culturally sensitive awareness campaigns and community engagement initiatives. Develop tailored educational materials reflecting local cultures, involve traditional healers in outreach efforts, and establish partnerships between healthcare providers and tribal leaders.
Cultural Adaptation and Resilience in Southern African Migrant Communities
Southern African migrant communities in Egypt face unique challenges related to cultural adaptation and resilience due to geographical distance, economic disparities, and varying healthcare systems. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys among migrants in Egypt, supplemented by secondary data on healthcare policies in both Southern Africa and Egypt. Migrants reported significant challenges such as language barriers (85% experienced difficulties) and cultural misunderstandings affecting their health-seeking behaviors. However, they also exhibited remarkable resilience through community support networks and informal care arrangements, which can inform policy interventions aimed at improving accessibility to healthcare services. The findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive policies that incorporate migrant-specific needs into existing healthcare frameworks to ensure equitable access to transplantation services. Develop culturally tailored health education programmes targeting both migrants and host communities. Integrate interpreters in healthcare settings and establish community liaison officers who understand cultural nuances.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Theoretical Foundations of User Engagement and Behaviour Change in Online Counseling Services for Mental Health in Accra, Ghana
Online counseling services have gained popularity in Ghana for mental health support, particularly in Accra where access to traditional healthcare is limited. A literature review will be conducted to identify existing theories and frameworks pertinent to understanding user engagement in digital healthcare services. Theoretical models will be developed to explain user behaviour change and long-term adherence to online counseling services based on these findings. Further research should focus on developing interventions tailored to specific therapeutic directions and feedback mechanisms within the existing frameworks of user engagement.